{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:31:22Z","timestamp":1780342282153,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rhinoplasty as an operation is akin to a game of chess, where every maneuver will influence the eventual outcome. Undoubtedly, more than one approach to the nasal soft tissues envelop can produce beautiful and safe results as will be described in the paper namely, the subcutaneous, sub-superficial musculoaponeurotic system, supra- and sub-perichondral planes. For different justifiable reasons surgeons have their preferences, regarding dissection planes on the tip, middle and upper thirds, and regarding the manipulation of the soft tissue layers and nasal ligaments. The concept of the nasal layers and the presence of relevant ligamentous structures and how to restore them in an anatomical fashion, will help to understand the logic behind various approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1723825","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T01:17:48Z","timestamp":1614302268000},"page":"002-011","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Rhinoplasty Dissection Planes (Subcutaneous, Sub-SMAS, Supra-perichondral, and Sub-perichondral) and Soft Tissues Management"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Carlos","family":"Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Facial Plastic Surgery, Myface Clinic, Lisboa, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vitaly","family":"Zholtikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Cakir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery Private Practice, Terrace Fulya, Hakk\u0131 Yeten Cad., Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erhan","family":"Co\u015fkun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Abdi \u0130pek\u00e7i Caddesi No.53 Side Apartman\u0131, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Arancibia-Tagle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Universitari Son Espases, Secretaria Otorrinolaringologia, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.10.2.109","article-title":"An anatomical study of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system: surgical applications in rhinoplasty","volume":"10","author":"Y Saban","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-012-0012-1","article-title":"The SMAS and fat compartments of the nose: an anatomical study","volume":"37","author":"C N Ozturk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196508000-00014","article-title":"Surgical importance of a dermocartilaginous ligament in bulbous noses","volume":"36","author":"I Pitanguy","year":"1965","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X12449621","article-title":"Commentary on a complete subperichondrial dissection with management of the nasal ligaments","volume":"32","author":"R P Gruber","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","first-page":"251","article-title":"Is Pitanguy's ligament a true ligament? 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