{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T14:01:33Z","timestamp":1780581693079,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":60,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\nBackground\u2003Most of the patients in our Indian setting present with grade 4 lymphedema in which no other surgical option is available and in these debilitating cases the nodovenous shunt followed by reduction surgery provides acceptable outcomes. We would like to describe the surgical technique used for the nodovenous shunt procedure and debulking surgery done in post-filarial lymphedema and share our experience with clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nMaterials and Methods\u2003This was a descriptive study. The study period was from 2010 to 2019. Patient records were reviewed retrospectively, and the data was analyzed. All patients with post-filarial lymphedema, operated by two surgeons, were studied. The surgical technique was described.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nResults\u2003In the study period, 16 patients with lymphedema were treated surgically. The number of procedures done was 32. In 14 of them nodovenous shunt followed by debulking surgery was done. Two of the patients with post-filarial lymphedema had multiple nodules following secondary skin changes and in them sculpting surgery was done following the nodovenous shunt. Most of the patients presented with grade 4 lymphedema. In all the patients there was significant (&gt;5 cm) reduction in limb circumference postoperatively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\nConclusion\u2003Nodovenous shunt followed by reduction surgery for lymphedema is a reliable surgical option to reduce disease morbidity in patients with post-filarial lymphedema.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1723908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:34:44Z","timestamp":1614731684000},"page":"075-081","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Nodovenous Shunt and Reduction Surgery for Post-Filarial Lymphedema\u2014Surgical Technique and Clinical Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tovia","family":"Stephen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet, Pondicherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Devajyoti","family":"Guin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsurgery, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Victor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Vinodhagan Memorial Hospital, Thanjavur, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1023\/B:BREA.0000032978.67677.9f","article-title":"The addition of manual lymph drainage to compression therapy for breast cancer related lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"86","author":"M L McNeely","year":"2004","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819e6529","article-title":"Vascularized groin lymph node transfer using the wrist as a recipient site for management of postmastectomy upper extremity lymphedema","volume":"123","author":"C H Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2013.09.008","article-title":"Complementary, alternative, and other noncomplete decongestive therapy treatment methods in the management of lymphedema: a systematic search and review","volume":"6","author":"J R Rodrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","first-page":"13","article-title":"Intermittent pneumatic compression therapy: a systematic review","volume":"45","author":"J L Feldman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-008-9932-5","article-title":"Lymphatic venous anastomosis (LVA) for treatment of secondary arm lymphedema. A prospective study of 11 LVA procedures in 10 patients with breast cancer related lymphedema and a critical review of the literature","volume":"113","author":"R J Damstra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"215","author":"G Manokaran","year":"2015"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800550611","article-title":"Experimental lymphovenous anastomosis","volume":"55","author":"J Nielubowicz","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800550609","article-title":"Surgical lymphaticovenous shunts in patients with secondary lymphoedema","volume":"55","author":"J Nielubowicz","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.11.025","article-title":"Lymphovenous microsurgical shunts in treatment of lymphedema of lower limbs: a 45-year experience of one surgeon\/one center","volume":"45","author":"W L Olszewski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref10","first-page":"64","article-title":"Lymphovenous anastomosis in filarial lymphedema","volume":"14","author":"S Jamal","year":"1981","journal-title":"Lymphology"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31818d45aa","article-title":"Spanio di Spilimbergo S, Mardini S, Chen HC. Radical reduction of upper extremity lymphedema with preservation of perforators","volume":"63","author":"C J Salgado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","first-page":"55","article-title":"Factors influencing response to lymphonodovenous shunt in filarial lymphoedema","volume":"12","author":"Y G Rao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Natl Med J India"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199004000-00011","article-title":"Long-term results after microlymphaticovenous anastomoses for the treatment of obstructive lymphedema","volume":"85","author":"B M O\u2019Brien","year":"1990","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199809020-00021","article-title":"Liposuction combined with controlled compression therapy reduces arm lymphedema more effectively than controlled compression therapy alone","volume":"102","author":"H Brorson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0041-1723908.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T06:33:31Z","timestamp":1617258811000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0041-1723908"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1723908","relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0358","1998-376X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0358","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-376X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}