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It also outlines a framework for imaging as it pertains to the pediatric upper extremity, with specific emphasis on acute and chronic injuries to the shoulder, elbow, forearm, and wrist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1723963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]],"date-time":"2021-05-21T22:31:18Z","timestamp":1621636278000},"page":"105-122","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Pediatric Musculoskeletal Trauma: Upper Limb"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Restrepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa Fernanda","family":"Cervantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zahrah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts and Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Schoenleber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward Y.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"09","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2005.017822","article-title":"Physeal injuries in children's and youth sports: reasons for concern?","volume":"40","author":"D Caine","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1148\/96.2.289","article-title":"The radiography of epiphyseal injuries","volume":"96","author":"L F Rogers","year":"1970","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)30480-4","article-title":"Overuse injuries to tendons and apophyses in children and adolescents","volume":"11","author":"L J Micheli","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2016.04.006","article-title":"The skeletally immature and newly mature throwing athlete","volume":"54","author":"K A Braithwaite","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3399","article-title":"MRI appearance of chronic stress injury of the iliac crest apophysis in adolescent athletes","volume":"190","author":"K J H\u00e9bert","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2016160036","article-title":"Imaging the injured pediatric athlete: upper extremity","volume":"36","author":"J Delgado","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-019-04512-3","article-title":"Normal development imaging pitfalls and injuries in the pediatric shoulder","volume":"49","author":"J Zember","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14140587","article-title":"Acromial apophysiolysis: superior shoulder pain and acromial nonfusion in the young throwing athlete","volume":"274","author":"J B Roedl","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015140254","article-title":"Normal skeletal maturation and imaging pitfalls in the pediatric shoulder","volume":"35","author":"J S Zember","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465980260041901","article-title":"Little Leaguer's shoulder. 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