{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T16:06:35Z","timestamp":1782403595479,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neuropediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Activin A protein and its receptor ACVR2B have been considered viable biomarkers for the diagnosis of hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). This study aimed to assess umbilical cord blood (UCB) levels of Activin A and Acvr2b messenger RNA (mRNA) as early biomarkers of mild and moderate HIE and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003One-hundred and twenty-six infants were included in the analyses from the BiHiVE2 cohort, a multi-center study, recruited in Ireland and Sweden (2013 to 2015). UCB serum Activin A and whole blood Acvr2b mRNA were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Activin A analysis included 101 infants (controls, n\u2009=\u200950, perinatal asphyxia, n\u2009=\u200928, HIE, n\u2009=\u200923). No differences were detected across groups (p\u2009=\u20090.69). No differences were detected across HIE grades (p\u2009=\u20090.12). Acvr2b mRNA analysis included 67 infants (controls, n\u2009=\u200922, perinatal asphyxia, n\u2009=\u200923, and HIE, n\u2009=\u200922), and no differences were observed across groups (p\u2009=\u20090.75). No differences were detected across HIE grades (p\u2009=\u20090.58). No differences were detected in neurodevelopmental outcome in infants followed up to 18 to 36 months in serum Activin A or in whole blood Acvr2b mRNA (p\u2009=\u20090.55 and p\u2009=\u20090.90, respectively).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003UCB Activin A and Acvr2b mRNA are not valid biomarkers of infants with mild or moderate HIE; they are unable to distinguish infants with HIE or infants with poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]],"date-time":"2021-03-11T23:51:28Z","timestamp":1615506688000},"page":"261-267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Activin A and Acvr2b mRNA from Umbilical Cord Blood Are Not Reliable Markers of Mild or Moderate Neonatal Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Encephalopathy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"52","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6184-3306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marc Paul","family":"O'Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"},{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niamh","family":"Denihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaudia","family":"Sikora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Finder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Neonatal Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Ahearne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerard","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"},{"name":"APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boubou","family":"Hallberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Neonatal Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine B.","family":"Boylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre M.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INFANT Research Centre, Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"},{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S4782","article-title":"Association of Apgar scores with death and neurologic disability","volume":"1","author":"V Ehrenstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin 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