{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T23:40:20Z","timestamp":1770680420224,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation with Applications","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Pediatr Intensive Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The postoperative course of infants following congenital heart surgery is associated with significant blood loss and anemia. Optimal transfusion thresholds for cardiac surgery patients while in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) remain a subject of debate. The goal of this study is to describe the epidemiology of anemia and the transfusion practices during the PICU stay of infants undergoing congenital heart surgery. A retrospective cohort study was performed in a PICU of a tertiary university-affiliated center. Infants undergoing surgery for congenital heart disease (CDH) before 6 weeks of age between February 2013 and June 2019 and who were subsequently admitted to the PICU were included. We identified 119 eligible patients. Mean age at surgery was 11\u2009\u00b1\u20097 days. Most common cardiac diagnoses were d-Transposition of the Great Arteries (55%), coarctation of the aorta (12.6%), and tetralogy of Fallot (11.8%). Mean hemoglobin level was 14.3\u2009g\/dL prior to surgery versus 12.1\u2009g\/dL at the PICU admission. Hemoglobin prior to surgery was systematically higher than hemoglobin at the PICU entry, except in infants with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. The average hemoglobin at PICU discharge was 11.7\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9\u2009g\/dL. Thirty-three (27.7%) patients were anemic at PICU discharge. Fifty-eight percent of patients received at least one red blood cell (RBC) transfusion during PICU stay. This study is the first to describe the epidemiology of anemia at PICU discharge in infants following cardiac surgery. Blood management of this distinctive and vulnerable population requires further investigation as anemia is a known risk factor for adverse neurodevelopment delays in otherwise healthy young children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T20:02:45Z","timestamp":1616529765000},"page":"308-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Anemia after Pediatric Congenital Heart Surgery"],"prefix":"10.53391","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0255-2426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camille","family":"Jutras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kim Anh","family":"La","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Gerardis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5559-7890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genevi\u00e8ve Du","family":"Pont-Thibodeau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"31409","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200711-1637OC","article-title":"Anemia, blood loss, and blood transfusions in North American children in the intensive care unit","volume":"178","author":"S T Bateman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.05.003","article-title":"Association of complications with blood transfusions in pediatric cardiac surgery patients","volume":"96","author":"A Iyengar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0741-9","article-title":"Red blood cell transfusion in critically ill children is independently associated with increased 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