{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T18:55:00Z","timestamp":1780599300241,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019211","name":"AbbVie Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["A05-130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A05-130"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am J Perinatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            Objective\u2003This study aimed to evaluate palivizumab (PVZ) use, trends in indications, and outcomes of respiratory illness hospitalizations (RIH) and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations (RSVH).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Study Design\u2003It involves a large, Canadian prospective (2005\u20132017) observational multicenter study of children at high risk for RSV infection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Results\u2003A total of 25,003 infants (56.3% male) were enrolled at 32 sites; 109,579 PVZ injections were administered. Indications included: prematurity (63.3%); \u201cmiscellaneous\u201d (17.8%); hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (10.5%); bronchopulmonary dysplasia\/chronic lung disease (8.4%). The \u201cmiscellaneous\u201d group increased over time (4.4% in 2005\u20132006 to 22.5% in 2016\u20132017) and included: trisomy 21, airway anomalies, pulmonary disorders, cystic fibrosis, neurological impairments, immunocompromised, cardiac aged &gt;2 years, multiple conditions, and a residual \u201cunclassified\u201d group. Adherence measured by expected versus actual doses plus correct interdose interval was 64.7%. A total of 2,054 RIH occurred (6.9%); 198 (9.6%) required intubation. Three hundred thirty-seven hospitalized children were RSV-positive (overall RSVH 1.6%). Risk factors for RSVH included having siblings, attending daycare, family history of atopy, smoking exposure, and crowded household. Infants with 5 risk factors were 9.0 times (95% CI or confidence interval 4.4\u201318.2; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0005) more likely to have RSVH than infants without risk factors. Three adverse events occurred; none were fatal.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Conclusion\u2003Results are relevant to both clinicians and decision-makers. We confirmed the safety of PVZ. Use of PVZ increased steadily for children with miscellaneous conditions and medical complexity. Medical and social factors pose a risk for severe RIH and RSVH with accompanying burden of illness. A vaccine that protects against RSV is urgently required.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n            Key Points\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T23:42:19Z","timestamp":1614814939000},"page":"1668-1677","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Respiratory Syncytial Virus Immunoprophylaxis with Palivizumab: 12-Year Observational Study of Usage and Outcomes in Canada"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6046-1050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abby","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Outcomes and Research in Economics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Candice L.","family":"Bjornson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krista L.","family":"Lanctot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Outcomes and Research in Economics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences, Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3308-2706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bosco A.","family":"Paes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the CARESS investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-013-8368-9","article-title":"Respiratory syncytial virus\u2014a comprehensive review","volume":"45","author":"A T Borchers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.03.109","article-title":"Advances in RSV vaccine research and development\u2014a global agenda","volume":"34","author":"D Higgins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2017.1337614","article-title":"Product review on the monoclonal antibody palivizumab for prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"13","author":"B Resch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.3.531","article-title":"Palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants. 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