{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T04:41:23Z","timestamp":1773808883965,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Thromb Haemost"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retinal vein occlusion is the second most common retinal vascular pathology after diabetic retinopathy and a major cause of vision impairment. Nowadays, both central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) can be well-managed by intravitreal treatments. However, considering the long-life expectance of the patients, few data are present in the literature about the very long-term outcome of CRVO and BRVO. The present study was an interventional, retrospective analysis of the morphological and functional long-term outcome of CRVO and BRVO patients, followed in an Italian referral center. We collected data from 313 eyes (178 CRVO eyes and 135 BRVO eyes). Mean follow-up was 45\u2009\u00b1\u200925 months (range 12\u201384 months). Both CRVO and BRVO eyes experience a significant visual acuity improvement secondary to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor\/dexamethasone treatments (from 0.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.25 to 0.41\u2009\u00b1\u20090.24 LogMAR in CRVO and from 0.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.42 to 0.30\u2009\u00b1\u20090.41 LogMAR in BRVO, respectively) (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Also, central macular thickness (CMT) resulted significant recovery at the end of the follow-up (from 585.54\u2009\u00b1\u2009131.43 to 447.88\u2009\u00b1\u2009245.07 \u03bcm in CRVO and from 585.54\u2009\u00b1\u2009131.43 to 447.88\u2009\u00b1\u2009245.07 \u03bcm in BRVO, respectively) (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). CRVO eyes received a mean of 10.70\u2009\u00b1\u20094.76 intravitreal treatments, whereas BRVO underwent 9.80\u2009\u00b1\u20095.39 injections over the entire 7-year follow-up. Our analyses highlighted different time points indicating the best obtainable improvement. This was the first year for CRVO (12-month follow-up) and the second year for BRVO (24-month follow-up). After these two time points, both visual acuity and CMT resulted stable up to the end of the follow-up. Ischemia was associated with significantly worse outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1725197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,12]],"date-time":"2021-03-12T00:08:45Z","timestamp":1615507725000},"page":"1361-1366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Real-Life Management of Central and Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"121","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Arrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Crepaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Vigan\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Aragona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosangela","family":"Lattanzio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Scalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Giordano","family":"Resti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Calcagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adelaide","family":"Pina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan Farah","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Bandello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Battaglia Parodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, University Vita-Salute, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70001-7","article-title":"Incidence of various types of retinal vein occlusion and their recurrence and demographic characteristics","volume":"117","author":"S S Hayreh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J 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