{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:19:29Z","timestamp":1780402769333,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The location, severity, and associated injuries of the head and neck trauma dictate the type and treatment location needed for that particular patient. An in-depth knowledge of local and regional block options is vital to the proper management of facial wounds at the bedside, decreasing need for general anesthesia, anesthesia-related complication, length of hospital stay, and overall hospital costs. This article will discuss local and regional block options for the upper-face, midface, and lower face including dentition; complications of local and regional blocks and how to prevent them; and recent advances in local anesthesia. In addition, conscious sedation as an adjunct to local\/regional blocks in children or patients with special needs will be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1726442","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,21]],"date-time":"2021-04-21T00:45:56Z","timestamp":1618965956000},"page":"446-453","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Local and Regional Blocks for Complex Facial Wound Repair"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Joy","family":"Obokhare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.01.020","article-title":"Facial trauma coverage among level-1 trauma centers of the United 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