{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T19:31:30Z","timestamp":1780342290603,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Background The year 2019 marked the 50th anniversary of plastic surgery department of our institution. We present an audit to plot the changing clinical trends in our work in the past five decades.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods A single-center retrospective cohort study based on the department demographics was performed and compared across the decades from 1969 to 2019.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results In 1969, the relative proportion of reconstructive versus cosmetic surgery procedures was 94.32% versus 5.68%; in 2019 this was 76.25% and 23.75%, respectively. An increase of 22 times increase in outpatient registrations, 13.1 times in total surgeries, 642 times in trauma reconstruction, 290 times for hand surgeries, and 323 times for skin tumor surgeries was noted. Male patients (64.9%) increased every decade more than females (35.1%), mostly for trauma surgery and gynecomastia correction. Proportion of pediatric cleft patients have markedly decreased. Spectrum of surgical procedures have widened. Top five reconstructive surgeries in 2019 were limb trauma reconstruction, skin tumor surgeries, hand surgeries, arterio-venous fistula (AV) creation, and oculoplasty. The most common surgery performed was cleft lip surgery in 1969 and hand surgery in 2019. The top five cosmetic surgeries performed in 2019 were scar revisions, nevus excision, liposuction and gynecomastia correction, rhinoplasty, and otoplasty.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusions Data collection and archiving and periodic audits help us study changing trends in our field compared with the global trends. Knowing societal demands will help to improve the resident training in teaching hospitals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1729510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]],"date-time":"2021-08-17T22:44:33Z","timestamp":1629240273000},"page":"302-307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Its Not about the Destination, Its about the Journey\u2014Plotting 50 Years of Changing Clinical Trends in Plastic Surgery in a Public Sector Teaching Hospital"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5421-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sheeja","family":"Rajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akshata","family":"Menedal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlsen","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aswathy","family":"Chandran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Bhaskaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najeeb","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bestin","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aabha Das","family":"Sulochana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2016.03.020","article-title":"The future of plastic surgery data collection, analysis and presentation","volume":"69","author":"M F Freshwater","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"key":"ref2","author":"K Agrawal","year":"2017"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-939501","article-title":"Aesthetic facial surgery of male patients: demographics and market trends","volume":"21","author":"J D Holcomb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1697230","article-title":"The history of the plastic surgery department, K.E.M. Hospital, Mumbai, India","volume":"37","author":"K S Goleria","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref6","author":"M Thatte"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.4103\/ijps.IJPS_212_17","article-title":"The role of plastic and reconstructive surgeon in trauma care: perspectives from a level 1 trauma centre in India","volume":"51","author":"M Singhal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2009.07.028","article-title":"Plastic surgery and global health: how plastic surgery impacts the global burden of surgical disease","volume":"63","author":"N B Semer","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000082815.79881.51","article-title":"The integral role of the plastic surgeon at a level I trauma center","volume":"112","author":"S L Peterson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref10","author":"B Mishra","year":"2011"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.5505\/tjtes.2011.99083","article-title":"The practice of plastic surgery in emergency trauma surgery: a retrospective glance at 10,732 patients","volume":"17","author":"S Hac\u0131kerim Kar\u015f\u0131da\u011f","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-011-1158-8","article-title":"Plastic and reconstructive surgery in Zambia: epidemiology of 16 years of practice","volume":"36","author":"G Jovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","first-page":"42","article-title":"Plastic surgery in a rural African hospital: spectrum and implications","volume":"68","author":"T E Goodacre","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1893","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001893","article-title":"Current challenges of plastic surgical care in Sub-Saharan Africa (Maputo, Mozambique)","volume":"6","author":"K J Guzman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.105970","article-title":"Plastic surgical trauma: a single-centre experience","volume":"45","author":"M Khan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001525","article-title":"Factors that affect medical students\u2019 perception and impression of a plastic surgery program","volume":"82","author":"K J Zuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GOX.0000568928.19131.03","article-title":"A disappearing act: trends in head and neck free flap reconstruction over the last decade","volume":"7","author":"G M Kozak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31821b6307","article-title":"Certification examination cases of candidates for certification by the American Board of Plastic Surgery: trends in practice profiles spanning a decade (2000 to 2009)","volume":"128","author":"K C Chung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-019-00282-1","article-title":"Current Psychology 2019","author":"C E Walker","journal-title":"Effects of social media use on desire for cosmetic surgery among young women"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjv094","article-title":"Motivations for seeking minimally invasive cosmetic procedures in an academic outpatient setting","volume":"35","author":"J Sobanko","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am Soc Aesthet Plast Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref24","first-page":"99","article-title":"Factors affecting patients undergoing cosmetic surgery in Bushehr, southern Iran","volume":"1","author":"Z Salehahmadi","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-939512","article-title":"Emerging trends and techniques in male aesthetic surgery","volume":"21","author":"M M Hamilton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.138934","article-title":"Changing trends in plastic surgery training","volume":"47","author":"R K Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181c830ec","article-title":"Assessing the plastic surgery workforce: a template for the future of plastic surgery","volume":"125","author":"R J Rohrich","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000000511","article-title":"Residency characteristics that matter most to plastic surgery applicants: a multi-institutional analysis and review of the literature","volume":"74","author":"S Sinno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001365","article-title":"What makes a plastic surgery residency program attractive? An applicant\u2019s perspective","volume":"136","author":"D A Atashroo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X11404551","article-title":"Cosmetic surgery training in plastic surgery residency programs in the United States: how have we progressed in the last three years?","volume":"31","author":"G Oni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0041-1729510.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T13:55:44Z","timestamp":1699365344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0041-1729510"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1729510","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0358","1998-376X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0358","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-376X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]}}}