{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T22:08:25Z","timestamp":1791842905288,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Facial Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is significant variation in treatment parameters when treating the infraorbital region. Thorough knowledge of these pertinent factors, choice of the optimal filling material, and proper understanding of the anatomy of this unforgiving region will contribute to a safe, effective, and natural result. We aim to conduct a systematic review of published literature related to soft tissue fillers of the tear trough and infraorbital region. A search of published literature was conducted in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and included PubMed, Embase, and Science Direct databases. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used were \u201ctear trough\u201d OR \u201cinfraorbital\u201d AND \u201cdermal filler\u201d OR \u201chyaluronic acid\u201d OR \u201cpoly-L-lactic acid\u201d OR \u201ccalcium hydroxyapatite\u201d OR \u201cRestylane\u201d OR \u201cRadiesse\u201d OR \u201cPerlane\u201d OR \u201cJuv\u00e9derm\u201d OR \u201cBelotero.\u201d Different combinations of these key terms were used. The initial search identified 526 articles. Six additional articles were identified through references. Two-hundred twenty-five duplicates were removed. A total of 307 studies were screened by title and abstract and 258 studies were eliminated based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Forty-nine articles underwent full-text review. The final analysis included 23 articles. Patient satisfaction was high, and duration of effect ranged from 8 to 12 months. Restylane was most commonly used. Injection technique varied, but generally involved placing filler pre-periosteally, deep to orbicularis oculi muscle, anterior to the inferior orbital rim via serial puncture or retrograde linear threading with a 30-gauge needle. Topical anesthetic was most commonly used. Side effects were generally mild and included bruising, edema, blue\u2013gray dyschromia, and contour irregularities. Nonsurgical correction of the tear trough deformity with soft tissue filler is a minimally invasive procedure with excellent patient satisfaction with long-lasting effects. It is essential to have a fundamental understanding of the relevant anatomy and ideal injection technique to provide excellent patient outcomes and prevent serious complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T23:06:03Z","timestamp":1625094363000},"page":"228-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Dermal Fillers for Tear Trough Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8534-6630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lily N.","family":"Trinh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Neck Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Grond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7186-1965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amar","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2014Head and Surgery, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Brighton, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Operative Techniques in Plastic Surgery","author":"K Chung","year":"2018","edition":"1st ed."},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31819f2b36","article-title":"The tear trough and lid\/cheek junction: anatomy and implications for surgical correction","volume":"123","author":"N T Haddock","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr 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