{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T02:30:44Z","timestamp":1793068244123,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hypertrophic scars and keloids are caused by excessive tissue response to dermal injury due to local fibroblast proliferation and collagen overproduction. This response occurs because of pathologic wound healing due to dysregulation in the inflammatory, proliferative, and\/or remodeling phase. Patients with hypertrophic scars or keloids report reduced quality of life, physical status, and psychological health. Hypertrophic scars or keloids will develop in 30 to 90% of individuals, and despite their prevalence, treatment remains a challenge. Of the treatments currently available for hypertrophic scars and keloids few have been adequately supported by studies with appropriate experimental design. Here, we aim to review the available literature to provide up-to-date information on the etiology, epidemiology, histology, pathophysiology, prevention, and management options available for the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids and highlight areas where further research is required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T19:02:02Z","timestamp":1626375722000},"page":"145-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Current Advances in Hypertrophic Scar and Keloid Management"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Natasha","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyler","family":"Safran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Vorstenbosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Davison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Cugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda M.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada"},{"name":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"2","article-title":"The molecular basis of hypertrophic scars","volume":"4","author":"Z Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Burns Trauma"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-006-0651-7","article-title":"Quality of life of patients with keloid and hypertrophic scarring","volume":"297","author":"O Bock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E711","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030711","article-title":"Recent understandings of biology, prophylaxis and treatment strategies for hypertrophic scars and keloids","volume":"19","author":"H J Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2014.04.011","article-title":"Updated scar management practical guidelines: non-invasive and invasive measures","volume":"67","author":"S Monstrey","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref5","first-page":"893","article-title":"Hyperplastic scars and keloids. 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