{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T00:37:20Z","timestamp":1793407040851,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003This study aimed to evaluate implant-induced osteoporosis (IIO) development in toy breed dogs treated using internal fixation with digital radiographs as the index of pixel values.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Study Design\u2003There were 226 cases (236 limbs) of toy breed dogs with radial\u2013ulnar fractures. Pixel values were measured on radiographs immediately, 2 weeks and 1 to 12 months after surgery. The ratio of pixel values (PVR) represented the bone mineral areal density based on the humeral condyle in the same image. The dogs were grouped based on the fixation methods, age and status of destabilization.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003There was a significant decrease in the PVR at 1 to 12 months postoperatively for all cases. There were not any significant differences in PVR of antebrachial fractures between those repaired with plates using locking head screws, cortex screws or a combination of locking and cortex screws. Implant-induced osteoporosis persisted at 1 to 12 months postoperatively in dogs aged \u22676 months, while the PVR increased after 3 months in dogs aged &lt;6 months. Based on the destabilization method, there was a significant increase in the PVR at 3 months in the plate removal group.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003This study suggests that IIO occurs in small dogs treated with plates and screws. Moreover, patients aged\u2009&lt;\u20096 months showed an early postoperative recovery of bone mineral areal density. Further, screw and plate removal could contribute to the recovery of bone mineral areal density.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1731810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]],"date-time":"2021-08-03T22:55:12Z","timestamp":1628031312000},"page":"375-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Retrospective Study of Postoperative Development of Implant-Induced Osteoporosis in Radial\u2013Ulnar Fractures in Toy Breed Dogs Treated with Plate Fixation"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6320-1294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Norihiro","family":"Muroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9233-2496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masakazu","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2558-595X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sawako","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Akagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuo","family":"Kanno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuji","family":"Harada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromitsu","family":"Orima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ORM Co, Saitama-shi, Saitama, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Surgery, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1639485","article-title":"Clinical outcomes and complications after open reduction and internal fixation utilizing conventional plates in 65 distal radial and ulnar fractures of miniature- and toy-breed dogs","volume":"31","author":"T Aikawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-02-0042","article-title":"Locking compression plate stabilization of 20 distal radial and ulnar fractures in toy and miniature breed dogs","volume":"28","author":"S Gibert","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197860040-00014","article-title":"Structural changes in intact tubular bone after application of rigid plates with and without compression","volume":"60","author":"P Sl\u00e4tis","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1632576","article-title":"Bone plate fixation: its relationship with implant induced osteoporosis","volume":"10","author":"J R Field","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199410000-00010","article-title":"Cortical porosis under plates. 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