{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:16:54Z","timestamp":1792631814179,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Respir Crit Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the use of vitamin C as a therapeutic agent has been investigated since the 1950s, there has been substantial recent interest in the role of vitamin C supplementation in critical illness and particularly, sepsis and septic shock. Humans cannot synthesize vitamin C and rely on exogenous intake to maintain a plasma concentration of approximately 70 to 80\u2009\u03bcmol\/L. Vitamin C, in healthy humans, is involved with antioxidant function, wound healing, endothelial function, and catecholamine synthesis. Its function in the human body informs the theoretical basis for why vitamin C supplementation may be beneficial in sepsis\/septic shock.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Critically ill patients can be vitamin C deficient due to low dietary intake, increased metabolic demands, inefficient recycling of vitamin C metabolites, and loss due to renal replacement therapy. Intravenous supplementation is required to achieve supraphysiologic serum levels of vitamin C. While some clinical studies of intravenous vitamin C supplementation in sepsis have shown improvements in secondary outcome measures, none of the randomized clinical trials have shown differences between vitamin C supplementation and standard of care and\/or placebo in the primary outcome measures of the trials. There are some ongoing studies of high-dose vitamin C administration in patients with sepsis and coronavirus disease 2019; the majority of evidence so far does not support the routine supplementation of vitamin C in patients with sepsis or septic shock.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1733986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T22:39:12Z","timestamp":1632177552000},"page":"672-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Any Role of High-Dose Vitamin C for Septic Shock in 2021?"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ankita","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Hager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Sevransky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"},{"name":"Emory Critical Care Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Massive doses of vitamin C and the virus diseases","volume":"113","author":"F R Klenner","year":"1951","journal-title":"South Med Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2678","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.11.2678","article-title":"The significance of the evidence about ascorbic acid and the common cold","volume":"68","author":"L Pauling","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003700","article-title":"The effect of vitamin C on clinical outcome in critically ill patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"47","author":"A Putzu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-017-1891-y","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommended enteral and parenteral intakes","volume":"21","author":"A C Carr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.15.1415","article-title":"Criteria and recommendations for vitamin C intake","volume":"281","author":"M Levine","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2006.05607.x","article-title":"Vitamin C. 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