{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:12:54Z","timestamp":1792131174810,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Federa\u00e7\u00e3o das Associa\u00e7\u00f5es de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia","issue":"09","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":49,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific syndrome characterized by abnormal levels of cytokines and angiogenic factors, playing a role in the disease development. The present study evaluated whether immunological markers are associated with the gestational age and with the disease severity in preeclamptic women.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Ninety-five women who developed PE were stratified for gestational age as preterm PE (&lt; 37 weeks) and term PE (\u2265 37 weeks of gestation) and compared for disease severity as well as plasma concentration of angiogenic factors and cytokines. The concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Fms-like soluble tyrosine kinase (sFlt-1) and soluble endoglin (sEng), as well as the cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) and interleukin 10 (IL-10), were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The comparison between preeclamptic groups showed a higher percentage of severe cases in preterm PE (82.1%) than in term PE (35.9%). Similarly, the concentrations of TNF-\u03b1, sFlt-1, and sEng, as well as TNF-\u03b1\/IL-10 and sFlt-1\/PlGF ratios were significantly higher in the preterm PE group. In contrast, concentrations of PlGF, VEGF, and IL-10 were significantly lower in women with preterm PE. Negative correlations between TNF-\u03b1 and IL-10 (r\u2009=\u20090.5232) and between PlGF and sFlt1 (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.4158) were detected in the preterm PE.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003In pregnant women with preterm PE, there is an imbalance between immunological markers, with the predominance of anti-angiogenic factors and TNF-\u03b1, associated with adverse maternal clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1735157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]],"date-time":"2021-10-20T22:37:18Z","timestamp":1634769438000},"page":"669-675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association between Adverse Maternal Clinical Outcomes and Imbalance of Cytokines and Angiogenic Factors in Preterm Preeclampsia"],"prefix":"10.61622","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8041-5753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila Rezeck","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-0237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Romao-Veiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9347-9641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera Therezinha Medeiros","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7174-3336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana Leticia","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7629-7689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa Rocha","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4074-252X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto Antonio Araujo","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0936-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Terezinha Serrao","family":"Peracoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3273-3001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Carlos","family":"Peracoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"47794","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003018","article-title":"Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrician\u2013Gynecologists. 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