{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T19:43:08Z","timestamp":1791056588315,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002770","name":"Cabinet Office, Government of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002770","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["JP21he2302002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21he2302002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Reconstr Microsurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Background\u2003Lymphatic vessels are difficult to identify using existing modalities as because of their small diameter and the transparency of the lymph fluid flowing through them.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods\u2003Here, we introduce photoacoustic lymphangiography (PAL), a new modality widely used for lymphedema treatment, to observe limb lymphatic vessels. The photoacoustic imaging system used in this study can simultaneously visualize lymphatic vessels and veins with a high resolution (0.2\u2009mm) and can also observe their three-dimensional relationship with each other.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results\u2003High-resolution images of the lymphatic vessels, detailed structure of the dermal back flow, and the three-dimensional positional relationship between the lymphatic vessels and veins were observed by PAL.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion\u2003The clear image provided by PAL could have a major application in pre- and postoperative use during lymphaticovenular anastomosis for lymphedema treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1736518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T23:47:51Z","timestamp":1640648871000},"page":"254-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Application of Photoacoustic Imaging for Lymphedema Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1674-4090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yushi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Kajita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiho","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Okabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisashi","family":"Sakuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, Chiba, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Imanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadakazu","family":"Aiso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan"},{"name":"Luxonus Inc. 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