{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T01:36:25Z","timestamp":1789436185832,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":107,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]],"date-time":"2021-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":73,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pattern hair loss (PHL) is a condition that worsens with time and the only way it can be slowed down is with pharmacological intervention. Pharmacological treatments for PHL, from an evidenced-based perspective with respect to safety and efficacy, are limited to only two drugs, minoxidil and finasteride. However, there are a host of drugs being used, off-label with limited evidence. This article attempts to review the literature on this topic, and the authors add to this, with their experience of over two decades on incorporating pharmacologic treatments along with hair transplantation in their management of PHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1739254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T00:24:30Z","timestamp":1639441470000},"page":"422-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pharmacological Management of Pattern Hair Loss"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Sandeep Suresh","family":"Sattur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HAIRREVIVE- Centre for Hair Restoration & Skin Rejuvenation, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Indu Sandeep","family":"Sattur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HAIRREVIVE- Centre for Hair Restoration & Skin Rejuvenation, Santacruz West, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.88a.20014","article-title":"Male and female pattern hair loss: treatable and worth treating","volume":"88","author":"N L Tamashunas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S1471-4914(01)02027-5","article-title":"Towards a molecular understanding of hair loss and its treatment","volume":"7","author":"G Cotsarelis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.2217\/rme.13.87","article-title":"Regenerative medicine and hair loss: how hair follicle culture has advanced our understanding of treatment options for androgenetic alopecia","volume":"9","author":"C A Higgins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Regen Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-014-0077-5","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia: an evidence-based treatment update","volume":"15","author":"S Varothai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","first-page":"93","article-title":"Doctors and baldness: a five thousand year old challenge","volume":"151","author":"D Campo","year":"2016","journal-title":"G Ital Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.21608\/ijthm.2018.29001","article-title":"Role of the hair in ancient Egypt","volume":"1","author":"H Kandil","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Management"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.82116","article-title":"Serendipity in trichology","volume":"3","author":"P Yesudian","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref9","first-page":"894","article-title":"The potential role of minoxidil in the hair transplantation setting","volume":"28","author":"M R Avram","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1097\/00042728-200510000-00002","article-title":"Effects of finasteride (1\u2009mg) on hair transplant","volume":"31","author":"M Leavitt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13690","article-title":"A bald statement - Current approaches to manipulate miniaturisation focus only on promoting hair growth","volume":"27","author":"N Pantelireis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Dermatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_57_18","article-title":"Scalp condition impacts hair growth and retention via oxidative stress","volume":"10","author":"R M Tr\u00fceb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S275785","article-title":"The inflammatory aspect of male and female pattern hair loss","volume":"13","author":"N Peyravian","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.10011.x","article-title":"S1 guideline for diagnostic evaluation in androgenetic alopecia in men, women and adolescents","volume":"164","author":"U Blume-Peytavi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.160507","article-title":"Study of the international epidemiology of androgenetic alopecia in young Caucasian men using photographs from the Internet","volume":"60","author":"Y S Avital","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-7753.58556","article-title":"Male androgenetic alopecia: population-based study in 1,005 subjects","volume":"1","author":"D Krupa Shankar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref17","first-page":"e14244","article-title":"Analysis of YouTube hair loss treatment information: What makes for engaging content?","volume":"33","author":"A K Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.13830","article-title":"Hair loss treatment information on Facebook: content analysis and comparison with other online sources","volume":"20","author":"A K Gupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14624","article-title":"Evidence-based (S3) guideline for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in women and in men - short version","volume":"32","author":"V Kanti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.14470","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of male-pattern and female-pattern hair loss, 2017 version","volume":"45","author":"M Manabe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g7798","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7798","volume":"349","author":"N Stafford","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.2174\/187221312800166859","article-title":"Minoxidil use in dermatology, side effects and recent patents","volume":"6","author":"A Rossi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23643.x","article-title":"Novel and established potassium channel openers stimulate hair growth in vitro: implications for their modes of action in hair follicles","volume":"124","author":"G C Davies","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref25","first-page":"5","article-title":"5% Minoxidil: treatment for female pattern hair loss","volume":"19","author":"A K Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Skin Therapy Lett"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S214907","article-title":"Minoxidil and its use in hair disorders: a review","volume":"13","author":"P Suchonwanit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030691","article-title":"minoxidil promotes hair growth through stimulation of growth factor release from adipose-derived stem cells","volume":"19","author":"N Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2147\/ciia.2006.1.2.121","article-title":"Pharmacologic interventions in aging hair","volume":"1","author":"R M Tr\u00fceb","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2011.01.013","article-title":"Minoxidil activates \u03b2-catenin pathway in human dermal papilla cells: a possible explanation for its anagen prolongation effect","volume":"62","author":"M H Kwack","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics10020051","article-title":"Penetration enhancement of topical formulations","volume":"10","author":"K W Ng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1985.tb05727.x","article-title":"Topically applied minoxidil in baldness","volume":"24","author":"E Novak","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12688","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12688","article-title":"Characterization of follicular minoxidil sulfotransferase activity in a cohort of pattern hair loss patients from the Indian Subcontinent","volume":"31","author":"J Chitalia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref33","first-page":"e12915","article-title":"Tretinoin enhances minoxidil response in androgenetic alopecia patients by upregulating follicular sulfotransferase enzymes","volume":"32","author":"A Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2017.02.010","article-title":"What ages hair?","volume":"3","author":"A Monselise","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Womens Dermatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1988.tb03410.x","article-title":"Topical minoxidil: cardiac effects in bald man","volume":"26","author":"F H Leenen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600790605","article-title":"Relationship between contact time of applied dose and percutaneous absorption of minoxidil from a topical solution","volume":"79","author":"J J Ferry","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_283_16","article-title":"Body to scalp: evolving trends in body hair transplantation","volume":"8","author":"K Saxena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref38","first-page":"185","article-title":"Topical minoxidil: systematic review and meta-analysis of its efficacy in androgenetic alopecia","volume":"13","author":"A K Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Skinmed"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2019.1654070","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of a new 10% topical minoxidil versus 5% topical minoxidil and placebo in the treatment of male androgenetic alopecia: a trichoscopic evaluation","volume":"32","author":"S Ghonemy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics7020021","article-title":"Topical minoxidil-loaded nanotechnology strategies for alopecia","volume":"7","author":"A C Santos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cosmetics"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2020.06.1009","article-title":"Oral minoxidil treatment for hair loss: a review of efficacy and safety","volume":"84","author":"M Randolph","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17216","article-title":"Review of oral minoxidil as treatment of hair disorders: in search of the perfect dose","volume":"35","author":"A Villani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2019.08.060","article-title":"Minoxidil 1\u2009mg oral versus minoxidil 5% topical solution for the treatment of female-pattern hair loss: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"82","author":"P M Ramos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_19_20","article-title":"Effect of oral minoxidil for alopecia: systematic review","volume":"12","author":"I JB do Nascimento","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.02.054","article-title":"Safety of low-dose oral minoxidil for hair loss: A multicenter study of 1404 patients","volume":"84","author":"S Va\u00f1\u00f3-Galv\u00e1n","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2018.1533549","article-title":"Safety concerns when using novel medications to treat alopecia","volume":"17","author":"H M Almohanna","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Saf"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref47","first-page":"3","article-title":"Androgen receptor structure, function and biology: from bench to bedside","volume":"37","author":"R A Davey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1560059","article-title":"Balding hair follicle dermal papilla cells contain higher levels of androgen receptors than those from non-balding scalp","volume":"156","author":"N A Hibberts","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530121","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/530121","article-title":"The 5 alpha-reductase isozyme family: a review of basic biology and their role in human diseases","volume":"2012","author":"F Azzouni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Urol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2017.0297","article-title":"Sex hormones and hair loss in men from the general population of northeastern Germany","volume":"153","author":"H Kische","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12335779","article-title":"Different levels of 5alpha-reductase type I and II, aromatase, and androgen receptor in hair follicles of women and men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"109","author":"M E Sawaya","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000000005","article-title":"Cause of androgenic alopecia: crux of the matter","volume":"1","author":"E T Ustuner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-02548","article-title":"Female pattern hair loss and androgen excess: a report from the multidisciplinary androgen excess and PCOS Committee","volume":"104","author":"E Carmina","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref54","first-page":"1","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia: a review and emerging treatments","volume":"4","author":"R Alves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Res Dermatol Open Access"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199957010-00014","article-title":"Finasteride: a review of its use in male pattern hair loss","volume":"57","author":"K J McClellan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.5530\/ijopp.13.1.2","article-title":"The role of finasteride in the management of androgenetic alopecia in male: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"A Tumkur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Pharmacy Practice."},{"key":"ref58","volume-title":"Finasteride","author":"P M Zito","year":"2021"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2000.03780.x","article-title":"Finasteride increases anagen hair in men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"143","author":"D Van Neste","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70088-7","article-title":"Use of topical minoxidil as a possible adjunct to hair transplant surgery. A pilot study","volume":"16","author":"J J Kassimir","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref62","first-page":"56","article-title":"Adverse effects and safety of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (finasteride, dutasteride): a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"J M Hirshburg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Aesthet Dermatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref63","first-page":"12","article-title":"Adverse sexual effects of treatment with finasteride or dutasteride for male androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"99","author":"S Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/smrj.19","article-title":"Persistent sexual and nonsexual adverse effects of finasteride in younger men","volume":"2","author":"M S Irwig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13030\/qt24k8q743","DOI":"10.5070\/D32311037240","article-title":"Sexual side effects of 5-\u03b1-reductase inhibitors finasteride and dutasteride: A comprehensive review","volume":"23","author":"R M Fertig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.02157.x","article-title":"Adverse side effects of 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitors therapy: persistent diminished libido and erectile dysfunction and depression in a subset of patients","volume":"8","author":"A M Traish","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref67","first-page":"709","article-title":"Adverse effects of 5-alpha reductase inhibitor therapy in men with androgenetic alopecia: is there cause for concern?","volume":"107","author":"S Arias-Santiago","year":"2016","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.108.005025","article-title":"The effect of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors on erectile function","volume":"29","author":"O Canguven","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.07.006","article-title":"Effect of 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitors on sexual function: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"13","author":"L Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.180029","article-title":"Finasteride and erectile dysfunction in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia or male androgenetic alopecia","volume":"37","author":"Y S Shin","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3109\/09546634.2013.813011","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitors in androgenetic alopecia: a network meta-analysis and benefit-risk assessment of finasteride and dutasteride","volume":"25","author":"A K Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dermatolog Treat"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15548","article-title":"Finasteride for androgenetic alopecia is not associated with sexual dysfunction: a survey-based, single-centre, controlled study","volume":"33","author":"R S Haber","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2007.00563.x","article-title":"Finasteride 5\u2009mg and sexual side effects: how many of these are related to a nocebo phenomenon?","volume":"4","author":"N Mondaini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.53093","article-title":"Finasteride-its impact on sexual function and prostate cancer","volume":"2","author":"B Anitha","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2007.02.034","article-title":"Testosterone and erectile function: from basic research to a new clinical paradigm for managing men with androgen insufficiency and erectile dysfunction","volume":"52","author":"A M Traish","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2001.00315.x","article-title":"Evaluation of sexual function in subjects taking finasteride for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia","volume":"15","author":"A Tosti","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.7.857","article-title":"Evaluation of sexual function with an international index of erectile function in subjects taking finasteride for androgenetic alopecia","volume":"140","author":"A Tosti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.4103\/ajm.AJM_59_17","article-title":"Minimizing nocebo effect: Pragmatic approach","volume":"7","author":"M Chamsi-Pasha","year":"2017","journal-title":"Avicenna J Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-3458.2006.00053.x","article-title":"A new look at the 5alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride","volume":"12","author":"D A Finn","year":"2006","journal-title":"CNS Drug Rev"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001079","article-title":"Lack of association between 5\u03b1-Reductase Inhibitors and Depression","volume":"204","author":"T E Dyson","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.5534\/wjmh.190046","article-title":"Risk of depression after 5 alpha reductase inhibitor medication: meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"J H Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Mens Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1007\/s00120-007-1553-9","article-title":"[The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT). Relevance for clinical practice]","volume":"46","author":"B J Schmitz-Dr\u00e4ger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urologe A"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy036","article-title":"Risk of prostate cancer in men treated with 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitors-A large population-based prospective study","volume":"110","author":"A Wallerstedt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref84","first-page":"1208","article-title":"Using Medicare claims to examine long-term prostate cancer risk of finasteride in the prostate cancer prevention trial","volume":"110","author":"J M Unger","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1097\/MOU.0b013e328329eb29","article-title":"The utility of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in the prevention and diagnosis of prostate cancer","volume":"19","author":"A B Reed","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Urol"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1097\/01.COT.0000295126.71839.65","article-title":"PSA test sensitized by finasteride","volume":"28","author":"R H Carlson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oncology Times"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000169255.64518.fb","article-title":"Long-term effects of finasteride on prostate specific antigen levels: results from the prostate cancer prevention trial","volume":"174","author":"R D Etzioni","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70981-0","article-title":"Effect of 1\u2009mg\/day finasteride on concentrations of serum prostate-specific antigen in men with androgenic alopecia: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"A V D'Amico","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.1273","article-title":"Finasteride treatment and male breast cancer: a register-based cohort study in four Nordic countries","volume":"7","author":"M Meijer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-18-0904","article-title":"Finasteride Use and risk of male breast cancer: a case-control study using individual-level registry data from Denmark, Finland, and Sweden","volume":"28","author":"T M Kj\u00e6rulff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68270-5","article-title":"Chronic treatment with finasteride daily does not affect spermatogenesis or semen production in young men","volume":"162","author":"J W Overstreet","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.109.009381","article-title":"Effect of 1-mg dose of finasteride on spermatogenesis and pregnancy","volume":"31","author":"E Laborde","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.07.2000","article-title":"Finasteride use in the male infertility population: effects on semen and hormone parameters","volume":"100","author":"M K Samplaski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1590\/S0041-87812004000400009","article-title":"Finasteride-associated male infertility","volume":"59","author":"S Glina","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Hosp Clin Fac Med Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.11.030","article-title":"Post-finasteride syndrome: a surmountable challenge for clinicians","volume":"113","author":"A M Traish","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2020.02.001","article-title":"Post-finasteride syndrome","volume":"95","author":"A FJR Pereira","year":"2020","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ynstr.2019.100209","article-title":"Post-finasteride syndrome: an emerging clinical problem","volume":"12","author":"S Diviccaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol Stress"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.4103\/ijt.ijt_61_18","article-title":"A comment on the post-finasteride syndrome","volume":"10","author":"H D Rezende","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Trichology"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1159\/000497362","article-title":"Post-finasteride syndrome: an induced delusional disorder with the potential of a mass psychogenic illness?","volume":"5","author":"R M Tr\u00fceb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.148925","article-title":"Topical minoxidil fortified with finasteride: an account of maintenance of hair density after replacing oral finasteride","volume":"6","author":"B S Chandrashekar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"ref103","first-page":"1","article-title":"A new topical formulation of minoxidil and finasteride improves hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia","volume":"6","author":"S Sheikh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.5414\/CP202119","article-title":"A novel finasteride 0.25% topical solution for androgenetic alopecia: pharmacokinetics and effects on plasma androgen levels in healthy male volunteers","volume":"52","author":"M Caserini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.18203\/issn.2455-4529.IntJResDermatol20183163","article-title":"Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of topical minoxidil and finasteride with topical minoxidil and oral finasteride in androgenetic alopecia: a randomized trial","volume":"4","author":"P B Rai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Res Dermatol."},{"issue":"04","key":"ref106","first-page":"203","article-title":"Dutasteride: a review of current data on a novel dual inhibitor of 5alpha reductase","volume":"7","author":"S Marihart","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2016.28.4.444","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of the dual 5-alpha reductase inhibitor dutasteride in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia","volume":"28","author":"G S Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S192435","article-title":"The efficacy and safety of dutasteride compared with finasteride in treating men with androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Z Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-2077.53097","article-title":"Serenoa repens: does it have any role in the management of androgenetic alopecia?","volume":"2","author":"S Murugusundram","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cutan Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1159\/000509905","article-title":"Natural hair supplement: friend or foe? Saw Palmetto, a systematic review in alopecia","volume":"6","author":"E Evron","year":"2020","journal-title":"Skin Appendage Disord"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5826\/dpc.0701a01","article-title":"Diet and hair loss: effects of nutrient deficiency and supplement use","volume":"7","author":"E L Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Pract Concept"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2012.08.015","article-title":"Nutrition and hair: deficiencies and supplements","volume":"31","author":"A M Finner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-018-0278-6","article-title":"The role of vitamins and minerals in hair loss: a review","volume":"9","author":"H M Almohanna","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther (Heidelb)"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0041-1739254.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]],"date-time":"2022-01-01T00:53:54Z","timestamp":1640998434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0041-1739254"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":107,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1739254","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0970-0358","1998-376X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0970-0358","type":"print"},{"value":"1998-376X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}}}