{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T03:31:40Z","timestamp":1793071900949,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":38,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000055","name":"National Institute of Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01DC017770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC017770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Hear"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss is a global public health problem with high prevalence and profound impacts on health. Cochlear implantation (CI) is a well-established evidence-based treatment for hearing loss; however, there are significant disparities in utilization, access, and clinical outcomes among different populations. While variations in CI outcomes are influenced by innate biological differences, a wide array of social, environmental, and economic factors significantly impact optimal outcomes. These differences in hearing health are rooted in inequities of health-related socioeconomic resources. To define disparities and advance equity in CI, there is a pressing need to understand and target these social factors that influence equitable outcomes, access, and utilization. These factors can be categorized according to the widely accepted framework of social determinants of health, which include the following domains: healthcare access\/quality, education access\/quality, social and community context, economic stability, and neighborhood and physical environment. This article defines these domains in the context of CI and examines the published research and the gaps in research of each of these domains. Further consideration is given to how these factors can influence equity in CI and how to incorporate this information in the evaluation and management of patients receiving cochlear implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1739282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T23:34:45Z","timestamp":1639092885000},"page":"321-330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Defining Disparities in Cochlear Implantation through the Social Determinants of Health"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Marissa","family":"Schuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew L.","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"World report on hearing","year":"2021"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1177\/089826430201400107","article-title":"The association of hearing impairment and chronic diseases with psychosocial health status in older age","volume":"14","author":"S E Kramer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Aging Health"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.022","article-title":"The epidemiology of hearing impairment in the United States: newborns, children, and adolescents","volume":"140","author":"S Mehra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck 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