{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T05:00:16Z","timestamp":1782018016111,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Homeopathy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) syndrome is one of the causes of male infertility, characterized by a decreased number of sperms (oligospermia), poor sperm motility (asthenospermia), and abnormal sperm shape (teratospermia). In necrospermia, spermatozoa in the ejaculated semen are dead, and in hypospermia, semen volume is less than 2\u2009mL. The present case may be unique because of the association of all these features together in a single patient.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Method\u2003This idiopathic case was treated, from November 2016 to April 2017 in the National Homeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, with the homeopathic medicine Natrium muriaticum. The Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy (MONARCH) score was used to assess the likelihood of causal attribution of the clinical outcome to the homeopathic medicine.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Result\u2003By the third month of starting homeopathic treatment, there was a marked improvement in sperm count from 14.4 to 77.4 million, semen volume from 0.8 to 2.2\u2009mL, and normal forms from 14 to 75%. His wife became pregnant by the 5th month and delivered a healthy baby girl at full term. A MONARCH score of +9\/13 indicates a positive causal relationship between the medicine prescribed and the treatment outcome.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003The present case report suggests a positive effect of individualized homeopathic medicine in treating a rare presentation of male infertility due to OAT syndrome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1739396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:04:06Z","timestamp":1644278646000},"page":"301-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Case Report of Idiopathic OAT Syndrome, Associated with Necrospermia and Hypospermia, Reversed with Individualized Homeopathy"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2104-5251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vinitha Edavattath","family":"Ramanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Practice of Medicine, National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, Kottayam, Under Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, Kottayam, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silpa","family":"Sathyanandhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Practice of Medicine, National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health, Kottayam, Under Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, Kottayam, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)08341-9","article-title":"Male infertility","volume":"349","author":"D M de Kretser","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2013.07.005","article-title":"The role of hormones on semen parameters in patients with idiopathic or varicocele-related 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