{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T10:49:36Z","timestamp":1781002176005,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Homeopathy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Acne is estimated to affect 9.4% of the global population, making it the 8th most prevalent disease worldwide. Acne vulgaris (AV) is among the diseases that directly affect quality of life. This trial evaluated the efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHM) against placebo in AV.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial conducted at the National Institute of Homoeopathy, India, 126 patients suffering from AV were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either IHM (verum) in centesimal potencies or identical-looking placebo (control). The primary outcome measure was the Global Acne Grading System score; secondary outcomes were the Cardiff Acne Disability Index and Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaires \u2014 all measured at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. Group differences and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated on the intention-to-treat sample.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Overall, improvements were greater in the IHM group than placebo, with small to medium effect sizes after 3 months of intervention; however, the inter-group differences were statistically non-significant. Sulphur (17.5%), Natrum muriaticum (15.1%), Calcarea phosphorica (14.3%), Pulsatilla nigricans (10.3%), and Antimonium crudum (7.1%) were the most frequently prescribed medicines; Pulsatilla nigricans, Tuberculinum bovinum and Natrum muriaticum were the most effective of those used. No harms, unintended effects, homeopathic aggravations or any serious adverse events were reported from either group.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003There was non-significant direction of effect favoring homeopathy against placebo in the treatment of AV.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Trial Registration\u2003CTRI\/2018\/11\/016248; UTN: U1111\u20131221\u20138164.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1739397","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]],"date-time":"2022-03-17T23:47:04Z","timestamp":1647560824000},"page":"240-251","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficacy of Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4216-018X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shruti","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1482-8496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gobind Narayan","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1036-5826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhas","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9856-6744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6979-1638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pankhuri","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5048-2878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bharti","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1678-6728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suman","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1107-6428","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akshaya","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5384-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maneela","family":"Tomar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0101-7915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Satarupa","family":"Sadhukhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4706-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munmun","family":"Koley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"East Bishnupur State Homoeopathic Dispensary, Chandi Daulatabad Block Primary Health Centre, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, under Department of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2308-5265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhranil","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Repertory, D.N. De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Govt. of West Bengal, Tangra, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13462","article-title":"A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne","volume":"172","author":"J KL Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21081063","article-title":"Treatment modalities for acne","volume":"21","author":"L Fox","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"312","volume-title":"Eczema, psoriasis, cutaneous infection, acne, and other common skin disorders","author":"C O Mccall","year":"2015","edition":"Vol I."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12149","article-title":"Epidemiology of acne vulgaris","volume":"168","author":"K Bhate","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962012000600007","article-title":"The impact of acne vulgaris on quality of life and psychic health in young adolescents in Greece. 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