{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T11:00:43Z","timestamp":1761562843759,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Federa\u00e7\u00e3o das Associa\u00e7\u00f5es de Ginecologia e Obstetr\u00edcia","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women have metabolic, immunological, and genetic variables that ensure more protection from coronavirus infection. However, the indication of treatment for several pathologies and contraception is determined by hormones that have adverse effects and raise doubts about their use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study searches women specificities and the relation between female sexual hormones and COVID-19, and reports the main recommendations in this background. To this end, a review of the literature was conducted in the main databases, auxiliary data sources, and official websites. Therefore, considering the hypercoagulability status of COVID-19, the debate about the use of contraceptives due to the relative risk of thromboembolic effects that they impose arises. However, the current available evidence, as well as the recommendations of main health organs around the world, demonstrate that the use of hormonal contraceptives must be maintained during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T23:32:30Z","timestamp":1640129550000},"page":"940-948","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Analysis of the Role of Female Hormones During Infection by COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.61622","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8320-2366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David Balbino","family":"Pascoal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Cesmac, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-3493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabela Mac\u00eado de","family":"Araujo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Cesmac, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3798-5531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenna Peixoto","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNIT University Center, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2912-9137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiane Monteiro da","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Centro Universit\u00e1rio Cesmac, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, UNIT University Center, Macei\u00f3, AL, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"47794","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e438","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(20)3014(20)30145-9","article-title":"Coagulation abnormalities and thrombosis in patients with COVID-19","volume":"7","author":"M Levi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-0348-8","article-title":"Considering how biological sex impacts immune responses and COVID-19 outcomes","volume":"20","author":"E P Scully","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-20-00171","article-title":"Doing things differently: what it would take to ensure continued access to contraception during COVID-19","volume":"8","author":"M Weinberger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.18433\/jpps31069","article-title":"Prevention and therapy of COVID-19 via exogenous estrogen treatment for both male and female patients","volume":"23","author":"Z Suba","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2020.06.002","article-title":"Are sex discordant outcomes in COVID-19 related to sex hormones?","volume":"47","author":"J D Strope","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1080\/13625187.2020.1766017","article-title":"The gendered impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19): do estrogens play a role?","volume":"25","author":"G Grandi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Contracept Reprod Health Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4046","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601896","article-title":"Sex-based differences in susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection","volume":"198","author":"R Channappanavar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1980","DOI":"10.6061\/clinics\/2020\/e1980","article-title":"17\u03b2-Estradiol, a potential ally to alleviate SARS-CoV-2 infection","volume":"75","author":"A C Breithaupt-Faloppa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clinics (S\u00e3o Paulo)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03118-8","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of sex bias differences in COVID-19 mortality","volume":"24","author":"Y Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2020.05.009","article-title":"Are we equal in adversity? 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