{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T07:09:47Z","timestamp":1713596987546},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Tumors arising from the posterior pituitary gland are rare and closely resemble pituitary adenoma in presentation and imaging. Most of them come as a histopathologic surprise. We have analyzed the posterior pituitary tumors managed in our institute and have discussed the dilemmas in imaging, challenges in intraoperative squash cytology, and surgical management.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003We retrospectively reviewed our operative database of pituitary tumors over the past 10 years, which included five posterior pituitary tumors (three granular cell tumors [GCTs] and two spindle cell oncocytomas [SCOs]). Clinical, imaging, and endocrine characteristics; intraoperative details; histopathologic features; and postoperative outcomes were collected and analyzed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The mean age of the patients was 47 years. All patients presented with varying degrees of vision loss. Radiology revealed a sellar \/ suprasellar lesion with the pituitary gland seen separately in two of three GCTs, whereas a separate pituitary gland could not be identified in both the SCOs. Pituitary adenoma was a radiologic diagnosis in only two of five cases. Three patients underwent a transsphenoidal surgery, whereas two underwent surgery by the transcranial approach. Intraoperative cytology was challenging, though a possibility of posterior pituitary tumor was considered in three of four cases, whereas one was considered meningioma. All the tumors were very vascular and influenced the extent of resection.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2003GCTs and SCOs are relatively uncommon tumors that are difficult to diagnose on preoperative imaging. Intraoperative squash cytology too can pose challenges. A preoperative suspicion can prepare the surgeon for surgery of these hypervascular tumors. The transcranial approach may be necessary in cases of uncertainty in imaging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,16]],"date-time":"2021-12-16T00:28:28Z","timestamp":1639614508000},"page":"442-450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Granular Cell Tumor and Spindle Cell Oncocytoma of the Pituitary Gland: Imaging and Intraoperative Cytology Diagnostic Dilemmas and Management Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Kandregula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abhinith","family":"Shashidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manish","family":"Beniwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dhaval","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dwarakanath","family":"Srinivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jitender","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Mahadevan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vani","family":"Santosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arivazhagan","family":"Arimappamagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-018-1774-2","article-title":"Posterior pituitary tumours: the spectrum of a unique entity. 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