{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T23:31:02Z","timestamp":1712878262934},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Respir Crit Care Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) continue to be major concerns for morbidity and mortality, especially in patients treated in the intensive care unit. With the rise in multidrug-resistant organisms, HAP and VAP treatment is challenged by the need for early appropriate treatment, with broad-spectrum agents, while still being aware of the principles of antibiotic stewardship. The two major society guidelines proposed a series of risk factors in their most recent guidelines to help identify patients who can most benefit from narrow- or broad-spectrum initial empiric antibiotic therapy. The guidelines reveal differences in the proposed risk factors and treatment approaches, as well as major similarities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T23:48:40Z","timestamp":1642549720000},"page":"183-190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk Factors and Algorithms for the Empirical Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian\/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Niederman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, New York Presbyterian\/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2703-z","article-title":"Nosocomial pneumonia in 27 ICUs in Europe: perspectives from the EU-VAP\/CAP study","volume":"36","author":"D Koulenti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1097\/MCP.0b013e32835f27be","article-title":"Hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia: recent advances in epidemiology and management","volume":"19","author":"F Barbier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000534","article-title":"Risk stratification and treatment of ICU-acquired pneumonia caused by multidrug- 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