{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T07:47:43Z","timestamp":1791359263851,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":157,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"09","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Knee Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most prevalent and devastating complications following lower extremity total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Strategies to reduce the rates can be divided into preoperative, perioperatives, and postoperative measures. A multicenter trial is underway to evaluate the efficacy of implementing a bundled care program for SSI prevention in lower extremity TJA including: (1) nasal decolonization; (2) surgical skin antisepsis; (3) antimicrobial incise draping; (4) temperature management; and (5) negative-pressure wound therapy for selected high-risk patients. The purposes of this systematic review were to provide a background and then to summarize the available evidence pertaining to each of these SSI-reduction strategies with special emphasis on total knee arthroplasty. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement guidelines. Five individual literature searches were performed to identify studies evaluating nasal decolonization temperature management, surgical skin antisepsis, antimicrobial incise draping, and negative-pressure wound therapy. The highest level of evidence reports was used in each product review, and if there were insufficient arthroplasty papers on the particular topic, then papers were further culled from the surgical specialties to form the basis for the review. There was sufficient literature to assess all of the various prophylactic and preventative techniques. All five products used in the bundled program were supported for use as prophylactic agents or for the direct reduction of SSIs in both level I and II studies. This systematic review showed that various pre-, intra-, and postoperative strategies are efficacious in decreasing the risks of SSIs following lower extremity TJA procedures. Thus, including them in the armamentarium for SSI-reduction strategies for hip and knee arthroplasty surgeons should decrease the incidence of infections. We expect that the combined use of these products in an upcoming study will support these findings and may further enhance the reduction of total knee arthroplasty SSIs in a synergistic manner.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1740394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T00:06:55Z","timestamp":1638922015000},"page":"1023-1043","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Utility of Perioperative Products for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections in Total Knee Arthroplasty and Lower Extremity Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Hytham S.","family":"Salem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"},{"name":"Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain E.","family":"Sherman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9647-7193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"},{"name":"Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giles R.","family":"Scuderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Mont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwell Health Orthopaedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York"},{"name":"Rubin Institute for Advanced Orthopedics, Center for Joint Preservation and Replacement, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"08","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19283","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000019283","article-title":"Prognostic risk factors of surgical site infection after primary joint arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"99","author":"G Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00211","article-title":"Risk factors associated with deep surgical site infections after primary total knee arthroplasty: an analysis of 56,216 knees","volume":"95","author":"R S Namba","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309499018785647","DOI":"10.1177\/2309499018785647","article-title":"Surgical site infection after primary total knee arthroplasty is associated with a longer duration of surgery","volume":"26","author":"B JX Teo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B6.15121","article-title":"Infection of the surgical site after arthroplasty of the hip","volume":"87","author":"S Ridgeway","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suc.2005.09.006","article-title":"Surgical site infections","volume":"85","author":"P S Barie","year":"2005","journal-title":"Surg Clin North Am"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180092","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection: current concepts and outlook","volume":"4","author":"P Izakovicova","year":"2019","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2012.02.022","article-title":"Economic burden of periprosthetic joint infection in the United States","volume":"27","author":"S M Kurtz","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2017.05.003","article-title":"Infection burden in total hip and knee arthroplasties: an international registry-based perspective","volume":"3","author":"B D Springer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthroplast Today"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.12.005","article-title":"Projected economic burden of periprosthetic joint infection of the hip and knee in the United States","volume":"36","author":"A Premkumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2011.00836.x","article-title":"Microbiology of the skin and the role of biofilms in infection","volume":"9","author":"S L Percival","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref11","first-page":"254","article-title":"The production of subcutaneous staphylococcal skin lesions in mice","volume":"46","author":"W C Noble","year":"1965","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2011.417","article-title":"Skin microbiome: looking back to move forward","volume":"132","author":"H H Kong","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00155","article-title":"The epidemiology of revision total hip arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"91","author":"K J Bozic","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0945-0","article-title":"The epidemiology of revision total knee arthroplasty in the United States","volume":"468","author":"K J Bozic","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2765","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04624-14","article-title":"Efficacy of skin and nasal povidone-iodine preparation against mupirocin-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. aureus within the anterior nares","volume":"59","author":"M J Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.04.039","article-title":"Povidone-iodine-based solutions for decolonization of nasal staphylococcus aureus: a randomized, prospective, placebo-controlled study","volume":"32","author":"M Rezapoor","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"439","key":"ref17","first-page":"32","article-title":"Prevention of wound contamination using DuraPrep solution plus Ioban 2 drapes","volume":"439","author":"C Jacobson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.12.009","article-title":"Single vs repeat surgical skin preparations for reducing surgical site infection after total joint arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized, double-blinded study","volume":"31","author":"T N Morrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001142","article-title":"Does an antimicrobial incision drape prevent intraoperative contamination? A randomized controlled trial of 1187 patients","volume":"478","author":"A B Hesselvig","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e276","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30398-X","article-title":"New WHO recommendations on preoperative measures for surgical site infection prevention: an evidence-based global perspective","volume":"16","author":"B Allegranzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref21","first-page":"206","article-title":"Prevention of infection in orthopaedic joint replacement","volume":"21","author":"W Lindsay","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Perioper Pract"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.J.01046","article-title":"Preventing infection in total joint arthroplasty","volume":"92","author":"W Y Matar","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1067\/mic.2000.102353","article-title":"Assessment of prolonged hospital stay attributable to surgical site infections using appropriateness evaluation protocol","volume":"28","author":"V Merle","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(03)00147-6","article-title":"Use of perioperative mupirocin to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) orthopaedic surgical site infections","volume":"54","author":"M H Wilcox","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808939","article-title":"Preventing surgical-site infections in nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"362","author":"L G Bode","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1086\/676872","article-title":"Preventing surgical site infections: a randomized, open-label trial of nasal mupirocin ointment and nasal povidone-iodine solution","volume":"35","author":"M Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2010.06.023","article-title":"Risk factors associated with mupirocin resistance in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"76","author":"A R Caffrey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1086\/501572","article-title":"The impact of surgical-site infections in the 1990s: attributable mortality, excess length of hospitalization, and extra costs","volume":"20","author":"K B Kirkland","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-18-00105","article-title":"An overview of skin antiseptics used in orthopaedic surgery procedures","volume":"27","author":"J Letzelter","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.0904","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline for the prevention of surgical site infection, 2017","volume":"152","author":"S I Berr\u00edos-Torres","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2012.11.003","article-title":"Complications and reoperations during and after hip arthroscopy: a systematic review of 92 studies and more than 6,000 patients","volume":"29","author":"J D Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00471","article-title":"Efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in lumbar spine surgery","volume":"94","author":"J W Savage","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref33","first-page":"190","article-title":"Skin preparation for the prevention of surgical site infection: which agent is best?","volume":"11","author":"M L Hemani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1985.01390360023006","article-title":"Development of a safe and effective one-minute preoperative skin preparation","volume":"120","author":"J W Alexander","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/030006058601400210","article-title":"The prevention of wound contamination by skin organisms by the pre-operative application of an iodophor impregnated plastic adhesive drape","volume":"14","author":"J A Fairclough","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.01.005","article-title":"Normothermia in arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"M W Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199605093341901","article-title":"Perioperative normothermia to reduce the incidence of surgical-wound infection and shorten hospitalization","volume":"334","author":"A Kurz","year":"1996","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref38","first-page":"155","article-title":"Maintaining intraoperative normothermia: a meta-analysis of outcomes with costs","volume":"67","author":"C B Mahoney","year":"1999","journal-title":"AANA J"},{"issue":"62","key":"ref39","first-page":"18","article-title":"Effect of O2 tension on microbicidal function of leukocytes in wounds and in vitro","volume":"27","author":"D C Hohn","year":"1976","journal-title":"Surg Forum"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref40","first-page":"561","article-title":"The effect of varying ambient oxygen tensions on wound metabolism and collagen synthesis","volume":"135","author":"T K Hunt","year":"1972","journal-title":"Surg Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181f6c2a9","article-title":"Normothermia to prevent surgical site infections after gastrointestinal surgery: holy grail or false idol?","volume":"252","author":"S J Lehtinen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199110000-00009","article-title":"Physiologic responses to mild perianesthetic hypothermia in humans","volume":"75","author":"D I Sessler","year":"1991","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref43","first-page":"e28","article-title":"Forced-air warming: a source of airborne contamination in the operating room?","volume":"1","author":"M Albrecht","year":"2009","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2018.00064","article-title":"Forced-air warming and resistive heating devices. Updated perspectives on safety and surgical site infections","volume":"5","author":"W Ackermann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"295","article-title":"No evidence of increased infection risk with forced-air warming devices: a systematic review","volume":"31","author":"H S Haeberle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.11.017","article-title":"Use of closed incisional negative pressure wound therapy after revision total hip and knee arthroplasty in patients at high risk for infection: a prospective, randomized clinical trial","volume":"34","author":"J M Newman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.06.019","article-title":"Closed incision negative pressure therapy effects on postoperative infection and surgical site complication after total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"R E Redfern","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2020.01.018","article-title":"The impact of negative pressure wound therapy for closed surgical incisions on surgical site infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"167","author":"J Shiroky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318219c171","article-title":"The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine","volume":"128","author":"P B Burns","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e576","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20140528-59","article-title":"Patient experience with mupirocin or povidone-iodine nasal decolonization","volume":"37","author":"J Maslow","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.09.030","article-title":"Is preoperative nasal povidone-iodine as efficient and cost-effective as standard methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus screening protocol in total joint arthroplasty?","volume":"31","author":"E G Torres","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.3480","article-title":"Effect of a preoperative decontamination protocol on surgical site infections in patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery with hardware implantation","volume":"150","author":"S P Bebko","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.01.033","article-title":"Cost efficacy of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus decolonization with intranasal povidone-iodine","volume":"33","author":"G R Rieser","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-017-0896-1","article-title":"Preoperative decolonization to reduce infections in urgent lower extremity repairs","volume":"44","author":"D S Urias","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"s386","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.1021","article-title":"Semiquantitative Staphylococcus aureus nasal colony reduction in elective orthopedic surgery reduces surgical site infection","volume":"41","author":"L Saidel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6736","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20176736","article-title":"Effectiveness of preoperative decolonization with nasal povidone iodine in Chinese patients undergoing elective orthopedic surgery: a prospective cross-sectional study","volume":"51","author":"H M Peng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201934","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.1934","article-title":"The effect of improving basic preventive measures in the perioperative arena on Staphylococcus aureus transmission and surgical site infections: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"3","author":"R W Loftus","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1086\/341025","article-title":"Surgical site infections in orthopedic surgery: the effect of mupirocin nasal ointment in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"35","author":"M D Kalmeijer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-005-0649-3","article-title":"The role of MRSA screening in joint-replacement surgery","volume":"29","author":"B Sankar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0210-y","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus nasal decolonization in joint replacement surgery reduces infection","volume":"466","author":"D M Hacek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref62","first-page":"924518","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus decolonization protocol decreases surgical site infections for total joint replacement","volume":"2010","author":"S Hadley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis (Egypt)"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01050","article-title":"Institutional prescreening for detection and eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery","volume":"92","author":"D H Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2011.03.014","article-title":"Preoperative screening\/decolonization for Staphylococcus aureus to prevent orthopedic surgical site infection: prospective cohort study with 2-year follow-up","volume":"26","author":"N Rao","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-015-4191-3","article-title":"Twenty percent of patients may remain colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus despite a decolonization protocol in patients undergoing elective total joint arthroplasty","volume":"473","author":"M D Baratz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.05.019","article-title":"Methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus screening and decolonization to reduce surgical site infection in elective total joint arthroplasty","volume":"31","author":"S M Sporer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.08.003","article-title":"Preoperative Staphylococcus aureus screening\/decolonization protocol before total joint arthroplasty-results of a small prospective randomized trial","volume":"31","author":"R JG Sousa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/BCO.0000000000000454","article-title":"Triple prophylaxis for the prevention of surgical site infections in total joint arthroplasty","volume":"28","author":"K J Hofmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Orthop Pract"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.09.041","article-title":"Decreased hospital costs and surgical site infection incidence with a universal decolonization protocol in primary total joint arthroplasty","volume":"32","author":"J B Stambough","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2018.05.012","article-title":"Methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus screening and decolonisation in elective hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"77","author":"E Jeans","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aott.2019.08.014","article-title":"Reduction of periprosthetic Staphylococcus aureus infection by preoperative screening and decolonization of nasal carriers undergoing total knee arthroplasty","volume":"53","author":"X Pelfort","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-008-0225-4","article-title":"A preoperative decolonization protocol for staphylococcus aureus prevents orthopaedic infections","volume":"466","author":"N Rao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.03.036","article-title":"Preoperative decolonization effective at reducing staphylococcal colonization in total joint arthroplasty patients","volume":"28","author":"A F Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2014.10.017","article-title":"Is preoperative staphylococcal decolonization efficient in total joint arthroplasty","volume":"30","author":"N M Moroski","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2019.09.014","article-title":"Efficacy of a povidone iodine preparation in reducing nasal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in colonized patients","volume":"48","author":"H A Ghaddara","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Infect Control"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01635-4","article-title":"Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in patients for total joint arthroplasty in South Africa","volume":"15","author":"J RT Pietrzak","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-199307000-00018","article-title":"Forced-air warming maintains intraoperative normothermia better than circulating-water mattresses","volume":"77","author":"A Kurz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/73.2.180","article-title":"Prevention of hypothermia during hip surgery: effect of passive compared with active skin surface warming","volume":"73","author":"J Bennett","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0952-8180(94)90077-9","article-title":"Bair hugger forced-air warming maintains normothermia more effectively than thermo-lite insulation","volume":"6","author":"S F Borms","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(97)00105-0","article-title":"Active warming, not passive heat retention, maintains normothermia during combined epidural-general anesthesia for hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"M Berti","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"507","article-title":"Shortening the discharging time after total hip replacement under combined spinal\/epidural anesthesia by actively warming the patient during surgery","volume":"65","author":"A Casati","year":"1999","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200301000-00036","article-title":"A comparative study of three warming interventions to determine the most effective in maintaining perioperative normothermia","volume":"96","author":"S-F Ng","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2006.04816.x","article-title":"Comparison of forced-air warming and electric heating pad for maintenance of body temperature during total knee replacement","volume":"61","author":"V Ng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-009-9199-2","article-title":"Randomized non-inferiority trial of the vitalHEAT temperature management system vs the Bair Hugger warmer during total knee arthroplasty","volume":"56","author":"T L Trentman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Can J Anaesth"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3181cb3f5f","article-title":"Resistive-polymer versus forced-air warming: comparable efficacy in orthopedic patients","volume":"110","author":"S Brandt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.93B11.27124","article-title":"Forced-air warming and ultra-clean ventilation do not mix: an investigation of theatre ventilation, patient warming and joint replacement infection in orthopaedics","volume":"93","author":"P D McGovern","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.94B2.27562","article-title":"Do forced air patient-warming devices disrupt unidirectional downward airflow?","volume":"94","author":"A J Legg","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.95B3.29121","article-title":"Forced-air patient warming blankets disrupt unidirectional airflow","volume":"95-B","author":"A J Legg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2014.66.5.352","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy of a forced-air warming system and circulating-water mattress on core temperature and post-anesthesia shivering in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia","volume":"66","author":"H Y Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1097\/NOR.0000000000000383","article-title":"Effectiveness of early warming with self-warming blankets on postoperative hypothermia in total hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"36","author":"B B Koc","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Nurs"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.02.008","article-title":"Airborne bacterial contamination during orthopedic surgery: a randomized controlled pilot trial","volume":"38","author":"R Oguz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13037-017-0126-0","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of resistive polymer versus forced air warming in total joint surgery","volume":"11","author":"M F Sandoval","year":"2017","journal-title":"Patient Saf Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.07.015","article-title":"Reflective blankets are as effective as forced air warmers in maintaining patient normothermia during hip and knee arthroplasty surgery","volume":"32","author":"C Tjoakarfa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref94","first-page":"128","article-title":"Self-warming blanket versus forced-air warming in primary knee or hip replacement: a randomized controlled non-inferiority study","volume":"56","author":"W C Verra","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref95","first-page":"e11474","article-title":"Forced-air convection versus underbody conduction warming strategies to maintain perioperative normothermia in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty","volume":"12","author":"R McClain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)90466-3","article-title":"Mild hypothermia increases blood loss and transfusion requirements during total hip arthroplasty","volume":"347","author":"H Schmied","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1097\/00000539-200010000-00039","article-title":"Aggressive warming reduces blood loss during hip arthroplasty","volume":"91","author":"M Winkler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2092(06)61744-4","article-title":"Effects of warming therapy on pressure ulcers\u2013a randomized trial","volume":"73","author":"E M Scott","year":"2001","journal-title":"AORN J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.2002.1297","article-title":"Convection warmers\u2013a possible source of contamination in laminar airflow operating theatres?","volume":"52","author":"N Tumia","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.06.006","article-title":"Active warming systems to maintain perioperative normothermia in hip replacement surgery: a therapeutic aid or a vector of infection?","volume":"73","author":"B Moretti","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref101","first-page":"1157","article-title":"Evaluation of bacterial contamination on surgical drapes following use of the Bair Hugger(\u00ae) forced air warming system","volume":"54","author":"L L Occhipinti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31818e6199","article-title":"The efficacy of a resistive heating under-patient blanket versus a forced-air warming system: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"108","author":"A Fanelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000414315.41460.bf","article-title":"The effects of active warming on patient temperature and pain after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"112","author":"E E Benson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Nurs"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs5.50177","article-title":"Cluster-randomized crossover trial of chlorhexidine-alcohol versus iodine-alcohol for prevention of surgical-site infection (SKINFECT trial)","volume":"3","author":"A Charehbili","year":"2019","journal-title":"BJS Open"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.06.016","article-title":"Chlorhexidine-alcohol versus iodine-alcohol for surgical site skin preparation in an elective arthroplasty (ACAISA) study: a cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"T N Peel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12209","article-title":"Risk factors for superficial wound complications in hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"20","author":"K Carroll","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1177\/1558944716658856","article-title":"Prospective randomized trial comparing the efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in hand surgery","volume":"12","author":"P Z Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hand (N Y)"},{"issue":"250","key":"ref108","first-page":"258","article-title":"Comparison of a one-step iodophor skin preparation versus traditional preparation in total joint surgery","author":"D L Gilliam","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.01977","article-title":"Efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in foot and ankle surgery","volume":"87","author":"R V Ostrander","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.H.00768","article-title":"Efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in shoulder surgery","volume":"91","author":"M D Saltzman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00261","article-title":"Comparison of two preoperative skin antiseptic preparations and resultant surgical incise drape adhesion to skin in healthy volunteers","volume":"94","author":"G L Grove","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01514","article-title":"Surgical site infection in orthopaedic oncology","volume":"96","author":"G Gradl","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-1433.2004.03154.x","article-title":"In-use efficacy of a chlorhexidine in alcohol surgical rub: a comparative study","volume":"74","author":"E A Grabsch","year":"2004","journal-title":"ANZ J Surg"},{"issue":"438","key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000167832.47464.22","article-title":"Chlorhexidine provides superior skin decontamination in foot and ankle surgery: a prospective randomized study","volume":"438","author":"C Bibbo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.3113\/FAI.2009.0992","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of bacteria in forefoot surgery: a comparison of skin preparation techniques","volume":"30","author":"K Cheng","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"ref116","first-page":"80","article-title":"Comparison of chlorhexidine-alcohol and providone iodine skin preparation skin preparation solutions in orthopaedic and trauma surgery at an African tertiary hospital","volume":"20","author":"H Obamuyide","year":"2015","journal-title":"East Cent Afr J Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10030434","article-title":"The prevention of periprosthetic joint infection in primary total hip arthroplasty using pre-operative chlorhexidine bathing","volume":"10","author":"W-C Su","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.05.012","article-title":"The influence of iodine-impregnated incision drapes on the bacterial contamination of scalpel blades in joint arthroplasty","volume":"35","author":"S Scheidt","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00590-020-02653-y","article-title":"Intraoperative bacterial contamination in total hip and knee arthroplasty is associated with operative duration and peeling of the iodine-containing drape from skin","volume":"30","author":"M Hanada","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.01.013","article-title":"Incise draping reduces the rate of contamination of the surgical site during hip surgery: a prospective, randomized trial","volume":"33","author":"M Rezapoor","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref121","first-page":"CD006353","article-title":"Use of plastic adhesive drapes during surgery for preventing surgical site infection","volume":"2015","author":"J Webster","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"228","key":"ref122","first-page":"307","article-title":"Retrospective evaluation of an iodophor-incorporated antimicrobial plastic adhesive wound drape","author":"M A Ritter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/17453674.2016.1180577","article-title":"Iodine-impregnated incision drape and bacterial recolonization in simulated total knee arthroplasty","volume":"87","author":"N Milandt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Orthop"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.01.050","article-title":"Use of antimicrobial-impregnated incise drapes to prevent periprosthetic joint infection in primary total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective analysis of 9774 cases","volume":"35","author":"F-C Kuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref125","first-page":"301","article-title":"Bacteriologic studies of the use of incision drapes in orthopedic operations [in German]","volume":"12","author":"S Breitner","year":"1986","journal-title":"Unfallchirurgie"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.1993.tb00343.x","article-title":"Plastic adhesive drapes and wound infection after hip fracture surgery","volume":"63","author":"K Y Chiu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1177\/230949900701500303","article-title":"Resistance of disposable drapes to bacterial penetration","volume":"15","author":"A W Blom","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong)"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800411430381","article-title":"Bacterial colonization of the skin following aseptic preoperative preparation and impact of the use of plastic adhesive drapes","volume":"15","author":"K Falk-Brynhildsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Res Nurs"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197607000-00008","article-title":"The plastic surgical adhesive drape: an evaluation of its efficacy as a microbial barrier","volume":"184","author":"M L French","year":"1976","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2612","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.02.047","article-title":"Effectiveness of different wound dressings in the reduction of blisters and periprosthetic joint infection after total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"F-C Kuo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref131","first-page":"e7394","article-title":"Negative pressure incisional therapy and postoperative infection after posterior approach primary total hip arthroplasty","volume":"12","author":"V Tyagi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e539","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20190906-06","article-title":"Negative pressure incisional therapy and infection after direct anterior approach primary total hip arthroplasty","volume":"42","author":"V Tyagi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e837","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20181010-02","article-title":"Outcomes of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy in knee arthroplasty","volume":"41","author":"A J Curley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2021.02.076","article-title":"The effectiveness of closed-incision negative-pressure therapy versus silver-impregnated dressings in mitigating surgical site complications in high-risk patients after revision knee arthroplasty: the PROMISES randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"C A Higuera-Rueda","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.58.BJR-2016-0022.R1","article-title":"Incisional negative pressure wound therapy dressings (iNPWTd) in routine primary hip and knee arthroplasties: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"S L Karlakki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2018.27.8.520","article-title":"Postoperative wound management with negative pressure wound therapy in knee and hip surgery: a randomised control trial","volume":"27","author":"S Giannini","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.12.008","article-title":"Incisional negative pressure wound therapy devices improve short-term wound complications, but not long-term infection rate following hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"34","author":"J A Keeney","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03510-z","article-title":"The use of negative-pressure wound therapy after total knee arthroplasty is effective for reducing complications and the need for reintervention","volume":"21","author":"C P Helito","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-011-1321-8","article-title":"Negative pressure wound therapy to prevent seromas and treat surgical incisions after total hip arthroplasty","volume":"36","author":"M Pachowsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.11.010","article-title":"Closed-incision negative-pressure therapy versus antimicrobial dressings after revision hip and knee surgery: a comparative study","volume":"31","author":"H J Cooper","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2016.04.016","article-title":"Closed incision negative pressure wound therapy vs conventional dry dressings after primary knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled study","volume":"31","author":"V Manoharan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12344","article-title":"Incisional negative pressure wound therapy after hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures - reduction of wound complications","volume":"13","author":"J Pauser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Wound J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2018.09.004","article-title":"A risk-stratification algorithm to reduce superficial surgical site complications in primary hip and knee arthroplasty","volume":"4","author":"A J Anatone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthroplast Today"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.11.010","article-title":"Closed incision negative pressure therapy decreases complications after periprosthetic fracture surgery around the hip and knee","volume":"49","author":"H J Cooper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2804","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.06.020","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy between closed incisional negative-pressure wound therapy and conventional wound management after total hip and knee arthroplasties: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"J-H Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-016-4720-8","article-title":"Antibiotic-tolerant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm persists on arthroplasty materials","volume":"474","author":"K L Urish","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.5371\/hp.2018.30.3.138","article-title":"Management of periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"30","author":"C Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hip Pelvis"},{"issue":"24","key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2177","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.00789","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection increases the risk of one-year mortality","volume":"95","author":"B Zmistowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref149","volume-title":"The Direct Medical Costs of Healthcare-Associated Infections in U.S. Hospitals and the Benefits of Prevention","author":"R D Scott","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61798-0","article-title":"Periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"387","author":"B H Kapadia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e014056","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014056","article-title":"Description of the rates, trends and surgical burden associated with revision for prosthetic joint infection following primary and revision knee replacements in England and Wales: an analysis of the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man","volume":"7","author":"E Lenguerrand","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.01617","article-title":"Projected volume of primary total joint arthroplasty in the U.S., 2014 to 2030","volume":"100","author":"M Sloan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2018.184","article-title":"The projected burden of complex surgical site infections following hip and knee arthroplasties in adults in the United States, 2020 through 2030","volume":"39","author":"H M Wolford","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2018.08.021","article-title":"Mortality during total knee periprosthetic joint infection","volume":"33","author":"Z C Lum","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00012","article-title":"Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030","volume":"89","author":"S Kurtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"ref156","first-page":"51","article-title":"Excess cost associated with primary hip and knee joint arthroplasty surgical site infections: a driver to support investment in quality improvement strategies to reduce infection rates","volume":"129","author":"N Gow","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1086\/502033","article-title":"The impact of surgical-site infections following orthopedic surgery at a community hospital and a university hospital: adverse quality of life, excess length of stay, and extra cost","volume":"23","author":"J D Whitehouse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Knee Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0041-1740394.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T15:51:33Z","timestamp":1730821893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0041-1740394"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]},"references-count":157,"journal-issue":{"issue":"09","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0041-1740394","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-8506","1938-2480"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-8506","type":"print"},{"value":"1938-2480","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,7]]}}}