{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T03:10:44Z","timestamp":1784344244537,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin Liver Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>As blood flows from the portal triad to the central vein, cell-mediated depletion establishes gradients of soluble factors such as oxygen, nutrients, and hormones, which act through molecular pathways (e.g., Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin, hedgehog) to spatially regulate hepatocyte functions along the sinusoid. Such \u201czonation\u201d can lead to the compartmentalized initiation of several liver diseases, including alcoholic\/non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, chemical\/drug-induced toxicity, and hepatocellular carcinoma, and can also modulate liver regeneration. Transgenic rodent models provide valuable information on the key molecular regulators of zonation, while in vitro models allow for subjecting cells to precisely controlled factor gradients and elucidating species\u2013specific differences in zonation. Here, we discuss the latest advances in both in vivo and in vitro models of liver zonation and pending questions to be addressed moving forward. Ultimately, obtaining a deeper understanding of zonation can lead to the development of more effective therapeutics for liver diseases, microphysiological systems, and scalable cell-based therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1742279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T00:54:56Z","timestamp":1644022496000},"page":"001-016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["The Role of Liver Zonation in Physiology, Regeneration, and Disease"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Regeant","family":"Panday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chase P.","family":"Monckton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman R.","family":"Khetani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21065","article-title":"Single-cell spatial reconstruction reveals global division of labour in the mammalian liver","volume":"542","author":"K B Halpern","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.01.012","article-title":"Metabolic zonation of the liver: the oxygen gradient revisited","volume":"11","author":"T Kietzmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox 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