{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T03:36:41Z","timestamp":1778211401447,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wrist Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background and Purposes\u2003The wrist is the fourth most common joint to be involved in juvenile inflammatory arthritis (JIA), which is a common rheumatological condition affecting children. Wrist arthroscopy is well established in rheumatoid arthritis, but remains unexplored in JIA. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of wrist arthroscopy in JIA, with focus on those who are refractory to medical management.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003This is a prospective observational study, including consecutive patients with JIA undergoing arthroscopy between January 2016 and December 2020. Those over the age of 18 years and those with other rheumatological diagnoses were excluded. Data including pre-, intra-, and postoperative variables, demographics, and patient-reported outcomes were collated and are reported using standard measures.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003A total of 15 patients underwent arthroscopy (n\u2009=\u200920 wrists). Synovitis was noted in all wrists on arthroscopy and synovectomy was performed in all cases. Other procedures were performed as indicated during the procedure. The median follow-up duration was 11.3 (interquartile range [IQR] 8.1\u201324.2) months. Median reduction of 4 (IQR 2.25\u20136) points on the Visual Analogue Score for pain on loading was noted postoperatively. Grip strength was improved in n\u2009=\u200911\/20 wrists and functional improvement was noted in n\u2009=\u200918\/20 wrists. Restriction of range of motion was achieved with a shrinkage procedure in patients with hypermobile joints. There were no postoperative complications, and no patients were lost to follow-up.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003In experienced hands, wrist arthroscopy is feasible, safe, and efficacious in the management of JIA, among patients who are refractory to medical management.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Level of Evidence\u2003This is a Level II study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1743448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,9]],"date-time":"2022-03-09T00:11:42Z","timestamp":1646784702000},"page":"376-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Role of Wrist Arthroscopy in Juvenile Inflammatory Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0021-3335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahalakshmi","family":"Ishwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand & Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tommy R.","family":"Lindau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulvertaft Hand Center, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Pidgeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Jester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand & Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7885-6402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kerstin","family":"Oestreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Hand & Upper Limb Service, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60244-4","article-title":"Juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"377","author":"B Prakken","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","first-page":"390","article-title":"International League of Associations for Rheumatology classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: second revision, Edmonton, 2001","volume":"31","author":"R E Petty","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1542\/pir.33.7.303","article-title":"Juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"33","author":"M Espinosa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Rev"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-014-3108-x","article-title":"Frequency of joint involvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis during a 5-year follow-up of newly diagnosed patients: implications for MR imaging as outcome measure","volume":"35","author":"R Hemke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"S89","article-title":"Early predictors of outcome in juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"21","author":"A Ravelli","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-012-2575-z","article-title":"MRI of the wrist in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: erosions or normal variants? 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