{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T18:10:33Z","timestamp":1790705433897,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives\u2003The aim of this study was to measure and compare the stiffness and cyclic fatigue of two plate-bone model constructs, with either two or three locking screws per fragment, under cyclic compression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods\u2003A 10-hole 3.5\u2009mm stainless steel locking compression plate (LCP) was fixed 1\u2009mm from a synthetic bone model in which the fracture gap was 47\u2009mm. Two groups of 10 constructs, prepared with either two or three bicortical locking screws placed at the extremities of each fragment, were tested in a load-controlled compression test until failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results\u2003The three-screw constructs were stiffer than the two-screw constructs (196.75\u2009\u00b1\u200950.48\u2009N\/mm and 102.43\u2009\u00b1\u200922.93\u2009N\/mm, respectively) and the actuator displacements of the two-screw constructs were higher (18.02\u2009\u00b1\u20091.07\u2009mm) than those of the three-screw constructs (14.48\u2009\u00b1\u20092.25\u2009mm). The number of cycles to failure of the two-screw constructs was significantly lower (38,337.50\u2009\u00b1\u20092,196.98) than the that of the three-screw constructs (44,224.00\u2009\u00b1\u20091,515.24). Load at irreversible deformation was significantly lower in the two-screw constructs (140.93\u2009\u00b1\u200913.39\u2009N) than in the three-screw constructs (184.27\u2009\u00b1\u200913.17\u2009N). All constructs failed by plate bending at the gap between the two cylinders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical Significance\u2003Omission of the third innermost locking screw during bridging osteosynthesis subjected to compression forces led to a 13.3% reduction in the number of cycles to failure and a 23.5% reduction of the load withstood by the plate before plastic deformation occurred.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T19:13:36Z","timestamp":1646939616000},"page":"166-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Biomechanical Comparison of Use of Two Screws versus Three Screws Per Fragment with Locking Plate Constructs under Cyclic Loading in Compression in a Fracture Gap Model"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8910-2828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sophie","family":"Palierne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7473-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margaux","family":"Blondel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Swider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, IMFT UMR 5502, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1159-5348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Autefage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Toulouse, ENVT, Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"529","volume-title":"AO Principles of Fracture Management in the Dog and Cat","author":"A L Johnson","year":"2005","edition":"First edition"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"20","volume-title":"Biomechanical basis of bone fracture and fracture repair","author":"A P Moores","year":"2016","edition":"Second edition"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvsm.2019.08.009","article-title":"Biomechanics of fracture fixation","volume":"50","author":"S Roe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2003.09.026","article-title":"Guidelines for the clinical application of the LCP","volume":"34","author":"E Gautier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"S 02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"B11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2003.09.021","article-title":"Biomechanical testing of the LCP\u2013how can stability in locked internal fixators be controlled?","volume":"34","author":"K Stoffel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2005.02.006","article-title":"Tibio-femoral joint contact forces in sheep","volume":"39","author":"W R Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1719166","article-title":"Biomechanical comparison of a notched head locking T-plate and a straight locking compression plate in a juxta-articular fracture model","volume":"34","author":"G Bird","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.3415\/VCOT-16-03-0040","article-title":"Effect of monocortical and bicortical screw numbers on the properties of a locking plate-intramedullary rod configuration. 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