{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T04:44:21Z","timestamp":1777956261983,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646870400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":37,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003This study, first in Hungary, examined the success of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy in cleft patients from a caregiver's perspective and revealed factors that can cause inconvenience.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Patients and Methods\u2003A survey-based study was performed using a 32-item questionnaire following NAM therapy. The survey was sent to families whose child underwent NAM therapy from 2010 until 2020 at the 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University. The questions focused on four main parts: socioeconomic, origin of the cleft, difficulties of therapy, and self-assessment. Fifty-three families received the questionnaire, 17 of them completed it.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The mean age was 5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7 weeks when NAM therapy started. Fifty-eight percent of the patients were male and 42% female. Patients are living more than 60\u2009km from the cleft center (59%). Patients had to make the journey between their residence and the cleft center \u223c10 to 15 times. In most cases, NAM therapy was covered by health insurance (83%). The unilateral cleft and lip palate occurred 58%, while the bilateral were 42%. Thirty-five percent of the patients had an allergic reaction against the adhesive, and 35% were affected by wounds on their lips or noses. The way of feeding was variable. Seventeen percent of the parents were able to breastfeed. In all cases, parents were satisfied with the NAM therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2003The present study highlighted the value of caregivers' role in NAM therapy. The burden of care is acceptable, caregivers have high compliance, and are determined to help the effectiveness of therapy. Limitations of this study include a single-institute data with a small number of cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:14:47Z","timestamp":1646957687000},"page":"087-091","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The Burden of Care in Nasoalveolar Molding Treatment in Cleft Patients"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7465-7967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Magyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B\u00e1lint","family":"Nemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Semmelweis University Faculty of Dentistry, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"P\u00e1lv\u00f6lgyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5464-3592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Pulay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Orthodontic Practice, Stade, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, St John's Hospital Bruges-Oostende, Belgium"},{"name":"OMFS-IMPATH KU Research Group, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"09","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665620929224","article-title":"What is the burden of care of nasoalveolar molding?","volume":"57","author":"A R Alfonso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1999_036_0486_pnmiiw_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Presurgical nasoalveolar molding in infants with cleft lip and palate","volume":"36","author":"B H Grayson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.10.002","article-title":"Timeliness of surgical care in children with special health care needs: delayed palate repair for publicly insured and minority children with cleft palate","volume":"46","author":"M M Abbott","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318199f46e","article-title":"Nasoalveolar molding improves long-term nasal symmetry in complete unilateral cleft lip-cleft palate patients","volume":"123","author":"I Barillas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.11.011","article-title":"Early cleft management: the case for nasoalveolar molding","volume":"145","author":"B H Grayson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.12994","article-title":"Parental experience caring for cleft lip and palate infants with nasoalveolar moulding","volume":"72","author":"E E 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patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"23","author":"P K Shetye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin Orthod"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000007026","article-title":"Nasoalveolar molding: assessing the burden of care","volume":"32","author":"J R Wlodarczyk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000001729","article-title":"Comparative study of early secondary nasal revisions and costs in patients with clefts treated with and without nasoalveolar molding","volume":"26","author":"P A Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-4-1","article-title":"Caregiving process and caregiver burden: conceptual models to guide research and practice","volume":"4","author":"P 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