{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T10:09:36Z","timestamp":1779271776066,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Reconstr Microsurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003The greatest challenge of a free-muscle transfer in facial reanimation surgery is anchoring muscle to perioral soft tissue. An additional incision provides a better way to anchor the transferred muscle but leaves a visible scar. Herein, we compared the functional and aesthetic outcomes in a conventional facelift incision approach with and without the addition of a red line incision.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003This study included patients experiencing unilateral facial paralysis who underwent free gracilis transfer between December 2016 and December 2018. Anchoring through facelift incision with extended neck incision was performed in the control group, while a red line incision was added in the red line group by avoiding extended neck incision. Oral commissure excursion, upper lip and commissure height differences, and symmetry were measured.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003A total of 24 patients met the criteria and were included in this study. Of these, 10 patients were assigned to the red line group and 14 to the control group. The red line and control groups demonstrated a similar symmetry index in both resting (0.96\u2009\u00b1\u20090.18 and 0.92\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10, respectively; p\u2009=\u20090.435) and smiling (0.94\u2009\u00b1\u20090.12 and 0.91\u2009\u00b1\u20090.10, respectively; p\u2009=\u20090.314). However, the upper lip height difference demonstrated greater postoperative improvement (resting: 2.12\u2009\u00b1\u20091.13 vs. 3.92\u2009\u00b1\u20091.41\u2009mm, p\u2009=\u20090.002, and smiling: 1.68\u2009\u00b1\u20090.88 vs. 3.41\u2009\u00b1\u20091.69\u2009mm, p\u2009=\u20090.004, respectively). A scar could be easily concealed on the mucocutaneous line of the lip.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003This novel method for muscle anchoring in facial reanimation surgery allows surgeons to approach perioral muscle more directly. This leads to improved surgical results by securely anchoring the transferred muscles using a fixation point that is more medially located than in other approaches. Our method is effective and offers an improved surgical outcome for the free functional gracilis muscle transfer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,15]],"date-time":"2022-04-15T00:49:21Z","timestamp":1649983761000},"page":"027-034","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Functional Outcome Comparison of Free Gracilis Muscle Anchoring Methods in Patients with Facial Paralysis: Upper Lip Red Line Incision versus Facelift Incision Approach"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Hojin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae Won","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tae Suk","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anplas.2015.06.001","article-title":"Facial paralysis and the role of free muscle transplantation","volume":"60","author":"R M Zuker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2020.01.001","article-title":"A nasolabial fold reset technique for enhancing midface lifts in facial reanimation: Three-dimensional volumetric analysis","volume":"48","author":"M J Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001327","article-title":"Comparison of functional results after cross-face nerve graft-, spinal accessory nerve-, and masseter nerve-innervated gracilis for facial paralysis reconstruction: the Chang Gung experience","volume":"81","author":"D C Chuang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.09.035","article-title":"Acellular human dermis, a good option for correcting the free border deficiency in secondary cleft lip deformity","volume":"65","author":"K N Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.0030","article-title":"A machine learning approach for automated facial measurements in facial palsy","volume":"20","author":"D L Guarin","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2353(1998)11:5<310::AID-CA3>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Double or bifid zygomaticus major muscle: anatomy, incidence, and clinical correlation","volume":"11","author":"J E Pessa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1555139","article-title":"Early postoperative complications following gracilis free muscle transfer for facial reanimation: a systematic review and pooled data analysis","volume":"31","author":"R M Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Reconstr Microsurg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005871","article-title":"Using the \u201csugarcane chewing\u201d concept 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paralysis","volume":"124","author":"P K Bhama","year":"2014","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1001\/jamafacial.2018.0639","article-title":"Vermilion-mucosal advancement flap: a scarless technique of adynamic wedge resection of the lower lip in patients with facial palsy","volume":"20","author":"R Y Kannan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Facial Plast Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0042-1744309.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T00:08:21Z","timestamp":1671754101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0042-1744309"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1744309","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0743-684X","1098-8947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0743-684X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]]}}}