{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T03:25:05Z","timestamp":1772681105192,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"06","funder":[{"name":"Massey University Working Dog Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of pedicle screw placement at the canine lumbosacral junction using a novel unilateral three-dimensional printed patient-specific guide (3D-PSG) versus a freehand drilling technique. Additionally, accuracy of screw placement between a novice and an experienced surgeon was determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Study Design\u2003Preoperative computed tomography images from 20 lumbosacral cadaveric specimens were used to design a novel unilateral 3D-PSG for the L7 and sacral vertebrae which was printed in acryl-nitrile butadiene styrene plastic. A novice and an expert surgeon each placed 3.5mm cortical screws in 10 cadavers; on the left using the unilateral 3D-PSG and by the freehand (anatomic landmark) technique on the right.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Sixty screws were placed using the unilateral 3D-PSG and 60 using the freehand technique. There was no statistical difference in accuracy for the comparison between methods performed by the expert (p\u2009=\u20090.679) and novice (p\u2009=\u20090.761) surgeon, nor between an expert and novice surgeon overall (p\u2009=\u20090.923). Unexpectedly, the use of a unilateral 3D-PSG increased variability for the expert surgeon in our study (p\u2009=\u20090.0314).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Using a novel unilateral 3D-PSG did not improve the accuracy of screw placement for lumbosacral stabilization by a novice surgeon compared with an expert surgeon in lumbar spine surgery. This may reflect a suboptimal PSG design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1750433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,11]],"date-time":"2022-07-11T09:41:10Z","timestamp":1657532470000},"page":"381-389","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Accuracy of Lumbosacral Pedicle Screw Placement in Dogs: A Novel 3D Printed Patient-Specific Drill Guide versus Freehand Technique in Novice and Expert Surgeons"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0542-1918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos J.","family":"Bongers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Axia 3D Design (currently Nexus Engineering & Design Ltd), Napier, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manabu","family":"Kurihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, Crafton, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janis P.","family":"Bridges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massey University School of Veterinary Science, Palmerston North, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Baltzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Sydney, School of Veterinary Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3800-4886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Worth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massey University School of Veterinary Science, Palmerston North, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","first-page":"193","article-title":"A new surgical technique for lumbosacral stabilization: arthrodesis using the pedicle screw fixation. 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A primary care challenge","volume":"21","author":"R A Deyo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref17","first-page":"A28","article-title":"Custom titanium implants for stabilisation of the canine lumbosacral joint. 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