{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T10:49:35Z","timestamp":1781002175961,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"02","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Homeopathy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003Tinea corporis (TC; ringworm or dermatophytosis) is a superficial skin infection caused by Microsporum, Epidermophyton and Trichophyton genera of dermatophytes. We compared the effects of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) in fifty-millesimal (LM) potencies against placebo in TC.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, two parallel arms trial was conducted on 62 individuals suffering from TC at the National Institute of Homoeopathy, India. Participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either IHMs in LM potencies or identical-looking placebos for a period of 3 months. The primary outcome measure was the number of participants showing complete disappearance of skin lesions after 3 months. Secondary outcomes were a numeric rating scale (NRS) measuring intensity of itching and the Skindex-29 questionnaire (overall, and three sub-scales \u2013 degree of symptoms, psychological functioning, emotional status). All were assessed at baseline and every month, up to 3 months. The intention-to-treat sample was analyzed to detect inter-group differences using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance after adjusting for baseline differences.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The primary outcome revealed no improvement in either of the groups (\u03c7\n          2\u2009=\u20090.012, p\u2009=\u20090.999). Inter-group differences in some of the secondary outcomes favored IHMs against placebo \u2013 itching NRS (mean group difference after 3 months: \u22120.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], \u22121.1 to \u22120.4; p\u2009=\u20090.001); Skindex-29 overall (mean group difference after 3 months: 3.2 [95% CI, \u22120.6 to 7.0; p\u2009=\u20090.009]); Skindex-29\u2009degree of symptoms (mean group difference after 3 months: 0.9 [95% CI, \u22120.2 to 1.9; p\u2009=\u20090.007]); and Skindex-29 psychological functioning (mean group difference after 3 months: 1.7 [95% CI, 0\u20133.4; p\u2009=\u20090.002]).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Results were negative on the primary outcome; however, secondary outcomes included some statistically significant results favoring IHMs against placebo after 3 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Trial registration\u2003CTRI\/2019\/11\/021999; UTN: U1111\u20131242\u20130070.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1750799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T22:53:21Z","timestamp":1663628001000},"page":"074-084","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Individualized Homeopathic Medicines in the Treatment of Tinea Corporis: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"112","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9332-401X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bakibillah","family":"Laskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5783-3503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Swapan","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1036-5826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhijit","family":"Chattopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8403-9652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avaranjika","family":"Karuppusamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3273-7950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dharshna","family":"Balamurugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6342-8862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Puja","family":"Bhakta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Homoeopathy Pharmacy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0502-420X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sourav","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materia Medica, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4435-3794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siddhartha","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organon of Medicine and Homoeopathic Philosophy, National Institute of Homoeopathy, Salt Lake, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3781-3596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navin Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Repertory, The Calcutta Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, affiliated to The West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Govt. of West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4706-9692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munmun","family":"Koley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health & Family Welfare, East Bishnupur State Homoeopathic Dispensary, Chandi Daulatabad Block Primary Health Centre, Govt. of West Bengal, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2308-5265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Subhranil","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Repertory, D.N.De Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Govt. of West Bengal, Tangra, Kolkata, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5178.178100","article-title":"The menace of chronic and recurrent dermatophytosis in India: Is the problem deeper than we perceive?","volume":"7","author":"S Dogra","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed","author":"K Wolff","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref3","volume-title":"Skin Disease: Diagnosis and treatment. 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