{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:49:47Z","timestamp":1791254987724,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Radiol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Varied neurological manifestations in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been increasingly reported from all across the world in the scientific literature.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003We aimed to evaluate pediatric cases with neurological symptoms and neuroimaging findings with COVID-19 infection in our hospital.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Children from 0 to 12 years with laboratory evidence of COVID-19 infection and acute neurological manifestations within 3 months, who have undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in the study. We categorized them based on neurological findings into four groups: acute encephalitis syndrome (AES), acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), cerebrovascular event\/stroke, and miscellaneous consisting of acute seizures without encephalopathy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003A total of 19 children with neurological manifestations related to COVID-19 infection were included in the study. AES was the most common neurological syndrome seen in 47.36%, followed by AFP in 26.31% and cardiovascular event\/stroke in 21.05%. Seizure was the most common neurological symptoms in 62.15%, followed by encephalopathy in 42.10% and AFP in 26.31%. On neuroimaging, pattern observed were immune-mediated cauda equina nerve roots enhancement in 26.31% or acute disseminated encephalitis in 5.26%, small acute infarcts, hippocampal, and bilateral thalamic signal changes seen in 21.05% each, microhemorrhages and leukoencephalopathy in 15.78%, and coinfection in 5.26%.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003In our study, seizures and encephalopathy were the most common neurological symptoms with COVID-19 infection. Postinfectious immune-mediated cauda equina nerve root enhancement or acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis\u2013like brain imaging, followed by small acute infarcts and hippocampal\/thalamic signal changes were most common imaging patterns. We found overlapping neurological and MRI patterns in many children, suggesting that various pathophysiological mechanisms act individually or synergistically.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1755250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T22:55:05Z","timestamp":1661900105000},"page":"510-522","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Neurological and Neuroradiological Patterns with COVID-19 Infection in Children: A Single Institutional Study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sanchi","family":"Rastogi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4587-1112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Foram","family":"Gala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vrushabh","family":"Gavali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1","article-title":"An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time","volume":"20","author":"E Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25807","article-title":"COVID-19: a global threat to the nervous system","volume":"88","author":"I J Koralnik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30362-X","article-title":"Neuroimaging manifestations in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a multinational, multicentre collaborative study","volume":"5","author":"C E Lindan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa240","article-title":"The emerging spectrum of COVID-19 neurology: clinical, radiological and laboratory findings","volume":"143","author":"R W Paterson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Dept. of Vaccines and Biologicals. 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