{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T20:40:03Z","timestamp":1782765603087,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Asian J Neurosurg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Primary leptomeningeal medulloblastoma (PL-MB) in adults is a rare disease with a severe prognosis. A 35-year-old woman presented with headaches, diplopia, and gait ataxia, with triventricular hydrocephalus and descent of the cerebellar tonsils beyond the foramen magnum. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed. Six months later, headaches recurred. Dilatation of the supratentorial ventricular system and massive cerebellar swelling without contrast-enhancing nodularities were reported. Occipitocervical decompression with duraplasty was performed. A bioptic diagnosis of PL-MB was made. Craniospinal irradiation and chemotherapy were administered. After 18 months, no recurrence was observed.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Few cases of PL-MB have been reported: patients die before treatment or within a few days after surgery. Our long-term survival could be ascribable to a slow clinical presentation and an early diagnosis that allowed surgical treatment and the administration of a combined chemoradiotherapy protocol. Cerebellar swelling, even without associated enhancing lesions, with or without hydrocephalus, should be a neuroradiological alarm sign, and PL-MB should be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1757726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]],"date-time":"2022-10-29T22:30:07Z","timestamp":1667082607000},"page":"651-655","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Primary Leptomeningeal Medulloblastoma in Adults: A Diagnostic Challenge\u2014Case Report and Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Fabbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine (UD), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Pegolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Anatomic Pathology, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Udine, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Piccolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine (UD), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Cramaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine (UD), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Mascarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYA Oncology and Pediatric Radiotherapy Unit, CRO IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Coassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AYA Oncology and Pediatric Radiotherapy Unit, CRO IRCCS, Via Franco Gallini 2, Aviano (PN), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miran","family":"Skrap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine (UD), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Tuniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC \u201cSanta Maria della Misericordia,\u201d Piazzale Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine (UD), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-016-1545-1","article-title":"The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: a summary","volume":"131","author":"D N Louis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199103000-00005","article-title":"Medulloblastoma: a population-based study of 532 cases","volume":"50","author":"R O Roberts","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.path.2020.01.003","article-title":"Embryonal tumors of the central nervous system: an update","volume":"13","author":"M M Blessing","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Pathol Clin"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.1989.tb03249.x","article-title":"Adult onset medulloblastoma cerebelli with leptomeningeal dissemination and coincidental primary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"33","author":"G J Hankey","year":"1989","journal-title":"Australas Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1997.86.1.0013","article-title":"Medulloblastoma: is the 5-year survival rate improving? 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