{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T16:18:03Z","timestamp":1740154683156,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Radiol Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thoracic vascular malformations are a set of complex congenital abnormalities that result in major alterations of the patient's anatomy. It can be discovered incidentally or the anomalies may generate heart failure with a right-to-left shunt, dysphagia, dyspnea, stridor, cough, recurrent bronchopulmonary infections, hypoxemia, paradoxical emboli, and occasionally apneas and massive hemothorax.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The knowledge of the embryology, and the normal development of the vascular structures of the thorax, allows to understand these abnormalities\u2014and thus helps in making an accurate diagnosis\u2014with its possible complications, symptoms, and treatments for the patient. The following is a review of the most common thoracic vascular malformations and their imaging findings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1757742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T23:51:08Z","timestamp":1669679468000},"page":"568-575","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Thoracic Vascular Variants and Anomalies: Imaging Findings, Review of the Embryology, and Clinical Features"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3889-6733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina Munera","family":"Orozco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uribe","family":"Ricardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology EMMSA, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hinestroza","family":"Carlos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mesa","family":"Paula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology EMMSA, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florez","family":"Katherine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology EMMSA, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2017160033","article-title":"Congenital variants and anomalies of the aortic arch","volume":"37","author":"K Hanneman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2009.09.004","article-title":"Congenital thoracic vascular anomalies","volume":"48","author":"J A Maldonado","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1067\/j.cpradiol.2015.01.002","article-title":"Congenital thoracic venous anomalies in adults: morphologic MR imaging","volume":"44","author":"C A Ruano","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Probl Diagn Radiol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.2015150056","article-title":"Comprehensive imaging review of the superior vena cava","volume":"35","author":"S K Sonavane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2019.03.017","article-title":"Isolated left vertebral artery and its consequences for aortic arch repair","volume":"5","author":"E van der Weijde","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","first-page":"52","article-title":"Aberrant origin of vertebral artery and its clinical implications","volume":"31","author":"S-M Yuan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W224-33","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.14.12529","article-title":"CT and MRI of aortic coarctation: pre- and postsurgical findings","volume":"204","author":"A D Karaosmanoglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951113000656","article-title":"Anatomical variations of aortic arch branching: evaluation with computed tomographic angiography","volume":"24","author":"A Karacan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiol Young"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20884","article-title":"Anatomical variation in the position of the brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery) with respect to the trachea: a computed tomography-based study and literature review of innominate artery compression syndrome","volume":"23","author":"S L Fawcett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref11","first-page":"4949","article-title":"Anillos vasculares, hallazgos por resonancia magn\u00e9tica","volume":"29","author":"P Abad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev Colomb Radiol"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S26","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2017.10.15","article-title":"Congenital anomalies of the aortic arch","volume":"8","author":"S Priya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"volume-title":"Principles of Cardiac and Vascular Computed Tomography","year":"2015","author":"S J Hutchison","key":"ref13"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.5.1821139","article-title":"Venous anomalies of the thorax","volume":"182","author":"T C Demos","year":"2004","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/00015458.2018.1438564","article-title":"Double superior vena cava: presentation of two cases and review of the literature","volume":"119","author":"C Farazi-Chongouki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Chir Belg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrnm.2016.11.011","article-title":"Anatomical variant of large mediastinal veins: incidental findings on MDCT chest","volume":"48","author":"T F Taha Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"4486","article-title":"Persistencia de la vena cava superior izquierda: presentaci\u00f3n de un caso","volume":"28","author":"\u00c1V Urhan Giraldo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Colomb Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-020-00906-2","article-title":"Persistent left superior vena cava: clinical importance and differential diagnoses","volume":"11","author":"A Azizova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.156.5.2017954","article-title":"Imaging of the azygos lobe: normal anatomy and variations","volume":"156","author":"J Mata","year":"1991","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcx203","article-title":"Pulmonary azygous lobe","volume":"111","author":"F Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"QJM"}],"container-title":["Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0042-1757742.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T03:35:26Z","timestamp":1701488126000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0042-1757742"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1757742","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0971-3026","1998-3808"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0971-3026"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1998-3808"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]}}}