{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:36:31Z","timestamp":1781757391243,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Most children with facial lacerations require sedation for primary sutures. However, sedation guidelines for invasive treatment are lacking. This study evaluated the current status of the sedation methods used for pediatric facial laceration repair in Korea.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003We surveyed one resident in each included plastic surgery training hospital using face-to-face interviews or e-mail correspondence. The health care center types (secondary or tertiary hospitals), sedation drug types, usage, and dosage, procedure sequence, monitoring methods, drug effects, adverse events, and operator and guardian satisfaction were investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003We included 45\/67 hospitals (67%) that used a single drug, ketamine in 31 hospitals and chloral hydrate in 14 hospitals. All health care center used similar sedatives. The most used drug administered was 5\u2009mg\/kg intramuscular ketamine (10 hospitals; 32%). The most common chloral hydrate administration approach was oral 50\u2009mg\/kg (seven hospitals; 50%). Twenty-two hospitals (71%) using ketamine followed this sequence: administration of sedatives, local anesthesia, primary repair, and imaging work-up. The most common sequence used for chloral hydrate (eight hospitals; 57%) was local anesthesia, administration of sedatives, imaging work-up, and primary repair. All hospitals that used ketamine and seven (50%) of those using chloral hydrate monitored oxygen saturation. Median operator satisfaction differed significantly between ketamine and chloral hydrate (4.0 [interquartile range, 4.0\u20134.0] vs. 3.0 [interquartile range, 3.0\u20134.0]; p &lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003The hospitals used various procedural sedation methods for children with facial lacerations. Guidelines that consider the patient's condition and drug characteristics are needed for safe and effective sedation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1759792","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]],"date-time":"2023-02-06T23:42:08Z","timestamp":1675726928000},"page":"030-036","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Survey on Procedural Sedation and Analgesia for Pediatric Facial Laceration Repair in Korea"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3395-3775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongkyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5705-7380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeonjung","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0897-3216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunjae","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cheongdam Okay Plastic Surgery Clinic, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6019-8002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyochun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4158-0489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannara","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref3","first-page":"303","article-title":"Korean guidelines for pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia","volume":"23","author":"H Y Jang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-011-2136-x","article-title":"Sedation and anesthesia for CT: emerging issues for providing high-quality care","volume":"41","author":"C G Macias","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e321","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002275","article-title":"National survey to describe the current patterns of procedural sedation practices among pediatric emergency medicine practitioners in the United States","volume":"38","author":"D Choudhary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-021-03930-6","article-title":"Pediatric procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department: surveying the current European practice","volume":"180","author":"C Sahyoun","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2643","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S201820","article-title":"Efficacy of chloral hydrate oral solution for sedation in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Z Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/pan.13844","article-title":"Intramuscular dexmedetomidine and oral chloral hydrate for pediatric sedation for electroencephalography: a propensity score-matched analysis","volume":"30","author":"E Y Joo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Paediatr Anaesth"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3283504f88","article-title":"Clinical implications of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of procedural sedation agents in children","volume":"24","author":"C Sahyoun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2010.11.030","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for emergency department ketamine dissociative sedation: 2011 update","volume":"57","author":"S M Green","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0b013e3181a341e0","article-title":"Serious adverse events during procedural sedation with ketamine","volume":"25","author":"E Melendez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2014.41.1.40","article-title":"Optimal initial dose of chloral hydrate in management of pediatric facial laceration","volume":"41","author":"S H Koo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Plast Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-5151.141352","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of intravenous ketamine and intramuscular ketamine for orthopedic procedures in children's sedation","volume":"4","author":"M Momeni","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011384","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011384","article-title":"Incidence of adverse events in paediatric procedural sedation in the emergency department: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"M F Bellolio","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2007.11.001","article-title":"Clinical policy: critical issues in the sedation of pediatric patients in the emergency department","volume":"51","author":"S E Mace","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1007\/s40272-017-0217-5","article-title":"Intranasal dexmedetomidine for procedural sedation in children, a suitable alternative to chloral hydrate","volume":"19","author":"G Cozzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr Drugs"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20191623","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1623","article-title":"Intranasal dexmedetomidine for procedural distress in children: a systematic review","volume":"145","author":"N Poonai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref18","first-page":"259","article-title":"Guidelines for monitoring and management of pediatric patients before, during, and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures","volume":"143","author":"C J Cot\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Archives of Plastic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0042-1759792.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,11]],"date-time":"2023-02-11T00:01:47Z","timestamp":1676073707000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0042-1759792"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"01","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0042-1759792","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2234-6163","2234-6171"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2234-6163","type":"print"},{"value":"2234-6171","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1]]}}}