{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:18:33Z","timestamp":1784099913672,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Background\u2003The morbidity of donor finger in a cross-finger flap has not received as much importance as the outcomes of the flap itself. The sensory, functional, and aesthetic morbidity of donor fingers, reported by various authors, are often contradictory to each other. In this study, objective parameters for the sensory recovery, stiffness, cold intolerance, cosmetic outcome, and other complications in the donor fingers, reported in the previous studies, are systematically evaluated.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods\u2003This systematic review is reported using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) protocol and was registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020213721). Literature search was done using \u201ccross-finger,\u201d \u201cheterodigital,\u201d \u201cdonor finger,\u201d and \u201ctransdigital\u201d words. Data regarding demography, patients' number and age, follow-up duration and outcomes of donor finger, including 2-point discrimination, range of motion (ROM), cold intolerance, questionnaires, etc. were extracted from included studies. Meta-analysis was performed using MetaXL and risk of bias was evaluated using Cochrane risk of bias tool.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results\u2003Out of the total 16 included studies, 279 patients were objectively evaluated for donor finger morbidity. Middle finger was most frequently used as donor. Static two-point discrimination seemed to be impaired in donor finger in comparison to contralateral finger. Meta-analysis of ROM suggested that statistically there is no significant difference in ROM of interphalangeal joints in donor and control fingers (pooled weighted mean difference: \u221212.10; 95% confidence interval: \u221228.59, 4.39; I2\u2009=\u200981%, n\u2009=\u20096 studies). One-third of donor fingers had cold intolerance.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Conclusion\u2003There is no significant effect on ROM of donor finger. However, the impairment that seems to be in sensory recovery and aesthetic outcomes needs to be further evaluated objectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1760092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:17:50Z","timestamp":1675815470000},"page":"201-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Donor Finger Morbidity in Cross-Finger Flap: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0892-7938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sourabh Shankar","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5729-0999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranjit Kumar","family":"Sahu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns & Plastic Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5529-9367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudeshna","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma & Emergency, Burdwan Medical College, Bardhaman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6156-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akhil Dhanesh","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9421-1412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manojit","family":"Midya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery Department, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8682-9853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suresh","family":"Kotu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, GSL Medical College, Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"04","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-195004000-00011","article-title":"The repair of surface defects of fingers by trans-digital flaps","volume":"5","author":"M Gurdin","year":"1950","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg (1946)"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-7681(92)90023-U","article-title":"The recovery of sensation and function after cross-finger flaps for fingertip injury","volume":"17","author":"H Nishikawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Hand Surg [Br]"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3181640873","article-title":"Resurfacing hemipulp losses of the thumb: the cross finger flap revisited: indications, technical refinements, outcomes, and long-term neurosensory recovery","volume":"61","author":"C Y Woon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2016.03.006","article-title":"Cross-finger flap for reconstruction of fingertip amputations: long-term results","volume":"102","author":"F 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