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Clinical and microbial epidemiology studies of CF PEx continue to provide important insight into the disease course, prognosis, and complications. This work has now led to several large-scale clinical trials designed to clarify the treatment paradigm for CF PEx. The primary goal of this review is to provide a summary and update of the pathophysiology, clinical and microbial epidemiology, outcome and treatment of CF PEx, biomarkers for exacerbation, and the impact of highly effective modulator therapy on these events moving forward.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1760250","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:09:36Z","timestamp":1675728576000},"page":"225-241","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Diagnosis and Management of Cystic Fibrosis Exacerbations"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Tijana","family":"Milinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver J.","family":"McElvaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cysic Fibrosis Therapeutics Development Network Coordinating 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