{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:54:49Z","timestamp":1781830489681,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Scientific Scholar","issue":"02","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Lab Physicians"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objectives\u2003To isolate Burkholderia pseudomallei from clinical specimens and study the association of virulence genes with clinical manifestations and outcome in patients with melioidosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003Burkholderia\n          pseudomallei isolates obtained from melioidosis cases diagnosed during 2018 to 2021 were identified using VITEK 2 system and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting a Type III secretion system gene cluster. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the genotypes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) namely A, B, and B2, and singleplex PCR was performed to detect the presence of the Burkholderia intracellular motility gene (BimA) and filamentous hemagglutinin gene (fhaB3).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Statistical Analysis\u2003Chi-square\/Fisher's exact tests were performed to study the association between various clinical manifestations and outcome and different virulence genes. The results were expressed as unadjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Sixty-seven isolates were available for characterization. BimABm\n           and BimABp\n           were observed among 82 and 18% of the isolates, respectively. Both sepsis and mortality were significantly associated with BimABm\n          . Majority of the isolates had fhaB3 (97%). Most of the isolates showed the presence of LPS A gene (65.7%) followed by LPS B gene (6%), while LPS B2 was not detected. Nineteen isolates could not be assigned to any LPS genotypes.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Among the virulence genes studied, only BimABm\n           was significantly associated with sepsis and mortality. More than a quarter (28.3%) of the isolates could not be assigned to any LPS genotypes, hinting at a greater genetic diversity in our isolates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1760667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T23:45:04Z","timestamp":1674085504000},"page":"276-281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Variable Virulence Genes in Clinical Isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei: Impact on Disease Severity and Outcome in Melioidosis"],"prefix":"10.25259","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sruthi","family":"Raj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujatha","family":"Sistla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepthy Melepurakkal","family":"Sadanandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreeram Chandra Murthy","family":"Peela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"10894","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"02","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00006","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00006-19","article-title":"Human Melioidosis","volume":"33","author":"I Gassiep","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0007312","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007312","article-title":"Implications of environmental and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease outcome in melioidosis patients","volume":"13","author":"T Shaw","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91682","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091682","article-title":"Variable virulence factors in Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis) associated with human disease","volume":"9","author":"D S Sarovich","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.74.348","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity among Burkholderia pseudomallei from different geographic and clinical origins","volume":"74","author":"N Anuntagool","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med 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Chantratita","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1710570","article-title":"Melioidosis: a neglected cause of community-acquired pneumonia","volume":"41","author":"H S Virk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17107","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.107","article-title":"Melioidosis","volume":"4","author":"W J Wiersinga","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2010.09.002","article-title":"Unraveling type III secretion systems in the highly versatile Burkholderia pseudomallei","volume":"18","author":"G W Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1453","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001453","article-title":"The genetic and molecular basis of O-antigenic diversity in Burkholderia pseudomallei lipopolysaccharide","volume":"6","author":"A Tuanyok","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00285-07","article-title":"Fate of a Burkholderia pseudomallei lipopolysaccharide mutant in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7: possible role for the O-antigenic polysaccharide moiety of lipopolysaccharide in internalization and intracellular survival","volume":"75","author":"S Arjcharoen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005571","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005571","article-title":"Structural diversity of Burkholderia pseudomallei lipopolysaccharides affects innate immune signaling","volume":"11","author":"M H Norris","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop 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