{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T14:41:37Z","timestamp":1759588897199},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relaxin (Rlx) is known to antagonize diabetic cardiac fibrosis. However, its mechanism is poorly understood. Protein kinase C\u03b4 (PKC\u03b4) plays a crucial role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). This study explored the involvement of PKC\u03b4 in Rlx\u2019s capacity of suppressing cardiac fibrosis in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Type 2 DM of 8-week-old male Sprague\u2013Dawley (SD) rats was induced by a high-fat diet and the injection of streptozocin (STZ, 40\u2009mg\/kg). Fourteen-week-old rats with DM and rats in control group which were pre-treated for 1 week with human recombinant relaxin (rhRlx, 30\u2009\u03bcg\/kg.d), were assessed to detect cardiac fibrosis and PKC\u03b4 expression with Western blot. Cardiac fibroblasts of neonatal rats were treated for 72\u2009h with rhRlx (100\u2009ng\/ml) under high glucose (HG). Western blot was utilized for detecting the membranous and cytoplasmic protein expressions of PKC\u03b4. The effects of rhRlx and PKC\u03b4 inhibitor (rottlerin) were assessed either alone or in combination on the HG-induced proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and the release of collagen I.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Rlx treatment inhibited the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and the expression of collagen I. The expression of PKC\u03b4 was regulated by Rlx in diabetic rats and cardiac fibroblasts under HG condition. The effects of Rlx upon the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and the excretion of collagen I under HG were blunted by rottlerin. Rlx suppressed cardiac fibrosis in type 2 diabetic rats. This beneficial effect was associated with its ability of modulating the expression of PKC\u03b4.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-116946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,12]],"date-time":"2017-09-12T11:10:15Z","timestamp":1505214615000},"page":"298-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Relaxin Inhibits Cardiac Fibrosis in Diabetic Rats: Roles of Protein Kinase C\u03b4"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"126","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center, Affiliated Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Department, Affiliated Daxing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Department, Civil Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100123, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Center, Affiliated Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing, 100050, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Department, Affiliated Liangxiang Hospital, Capital Medical University 102401, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare Medical Center, Affiliated Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University 100050, Beijing, P. R. China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]]},"container-title":["Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology &amp; Diabetes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-116946.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T22:40:41Z","timestamp":1527201641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-116946"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-116946","relation":{},"ISSN":["0947-7349","1439-3646"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0947-7349","type":"print"},{"value":"1439-3646","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,11]]}}}