{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T12:03:29Z","timestamp":1790856209782,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":35,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Introduction\u2003Stapes surgery was traditionally performed with the use of microscopy either through postauricular, endaural or transcanal approaches. Endoscopic stapedectomy ushered a revolution as a new technique with less complications.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003To review the outcomes of endoscopic stapes surgery with an emphasis on intraoperative and postoperative clinical and audiological results.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Data Synthesis\u2003A literature review on the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases was conducted. Endoscopic stapes surgery or stapedotomy were the main keywords used, and we searched for studies and research published from January 2015 to October 2021. Articles on endoscopic stapes surgery were included, and qualitative and descriptive analyses of the studies and outcomes data regarding audiometric changes and postoperative complications were conducted. Articles including patients with cholesteatoma were excluded. A total of 122 studies were retrieved for qualitative and descriptive analyses and to measure the outcomes of endoscopic stapedotomy; only 12 studies met the inclusion criteria, and the rest was excluded. The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in hearing improvement. The gain in air-bone gap ranged from 9\u2009dB to 16\u2009dB. A low rate of operative and postoperative complications was reported.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusions\u2003Endoscopic stapes surgery appears to be a reasonable alternative to microscopic stapes surgery, with shorter operative times, low complication rate, and significant hearing improvement. The endoscopic technique enabled a better visualization and less scutum drilling, which was confirmed by all included studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1761171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,6]],"date-time":"2024-02-06T00:31:51Z","timestamp":1707179511000},"page":"e165-e169","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes of Endoscopic Stapedectomy: Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6294-0565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed Nabil","family":"Elsamnody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8451-0678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amr Hamdino","family":"Yousef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3512-6215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Salah","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Al-Azhar University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"05","key":"ref1","first-page":"1282","article-title":"Total Endoscopic Stapes Surgery: Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis of Audiological Outcomes","volume":"130","author":"C H Andrew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","first-page":"190","article-title":"Endoscopeassisted stapedotomy with microdrill: comparison with a conventional technique","volume":"100","author":"Y Plodpai","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Med Assoc Thai"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"281","article-title":"Endoscopic stapes surgery: our clinical experience and learning curve","volume":"15","author":"S Gulsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"B-ENT"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489.2018.1490029","article-title":"Fully endoscopic laser stapedotomy: is it comparable with microscopic surgery?","volume":"138","author":"C W Kuo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.12778","article-title":"Endoscopic versus microscopic management of congenital ossicular chain anomalies: our experiences with 29 patients","volume":"42","author":"C C Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3614-9","article-title":"Totally endoscopic stapes surgery without packing: novel technique bringing most comfort to the patients","volume":"273","author":"A Daneshi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001186","article-title":"Endoscopic versus microscopic approach in stapes surgery: are operative times and learning curve important for making the choice?","volume":"37","author":"G Iannella","year":"2016","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.5606\/kbbihtisas.2016.43503","article-title":"Endoscopic transcanal stapes surgery: our technique and outcomes","volume":"26","author":"E Dursun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-015-3743-1","article-title":"Stapes malformations: the contribute of the endoscopy for diagnosis and surgery","volume":"273","author":"D Marchioni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000001371","article-title":"Endoscopic stapes surgery: a comparison with microscopic surgery","volume":"38","author":"R Sproat","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215118001548","article-title":"Stapedotomy using a 4\u2009mm endoscope: any advantage over a microscope?","volume":"132","author":"A Bhardwaj","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"2","article-title":"Endoscopic stapedotomy: merits and demerits","volume":"11","author":"W Moneir","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Otol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.35.5.439","article-title":"Comparison of surgical and audiological outcomes of endoscopic and microscopic approach in stapes surgery","volume":"35","author":"S Gulsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-019-05688-y","article-title":"Endoscopic stapedotomy: safety and audiological results in 150 patients","volume":"277","author":"L Bianconi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-014-3468-6","article-title":"Endoscopic stapedotomy: our view point","volume":"273","author":"C Naik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref17","first-page":"145561321989143","article-title":"Hydroxyapatite Prostheses in Endoscopic Transcanal Stapes Surgery for Otosclerosis Cases","author":"M Hosoya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J"}],"container-title":["International Archives of 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