{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:37:09Z","timestamp":1791567429172,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003Membrane sterility is very necessary considering its function as an implant material. Therefore, this research aims to determine the dose of gamma-ray irradiation for the sterilization of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)\u2013collagen\u2013chitosan composite membranes used as regenerative surgery materials.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods\u2003A total of 100 pieces of the composite membranes were prepared in a size of 2.0\u2009\u00d7\u20091.5\u2009cm by mixing 7.5% PVA, 3% collagen, and 2% chitosan using the film casting method in three batches. Furthermore, the bioburden test was performed to determine the initial microbial count in the sample by following ISO 11737-1. The results were used to ascertain the dose of gamma-ray irradiation on the sample according to ISO 11137-2. The dose verification test was then performed at the sterility assurance level 10\u22126.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003The average result of the bioburden test from three batches was 6.6 colony forming unit; hence, the verification dose was 4.8\u2009kGy. In the verification dose test, since there was only one contaminated sample, the sterility dose test was continued.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003The sterile gamma-ray irradiation dose for PVA\u2013collagen\u2013chitosan composite membrane was 17.1\u2009kGy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1761186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]],"date-time":"2023-06-27T22:45:27Z","timestamp":1687905927000},"page":"1289-1293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Determination of the Sterilization Dose of Gamma-Ray Irradiation for Polyvinyl Alcohol-Collagen-Chitosan Composite Membrane as a Material for Periodontal Regenerative Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Agus","family":"Susanto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0144-6939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ira","family":"Komara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Theresia","family":"Beatrix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fajar","family":"Lukitowati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Radiation Process Technology\u2014National Research and Innovation Agency (NRIA), 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