{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T22:15:14Z","timestamp":1787004914113,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Colon Rectal Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite the growing population of surgeons who will spend the bulk of their potential childbearing years in medical school, training, or early in practice, the stigma associated with pregnancy remains. The challenges of childbearing for surgeons also extend to the pregnancy experience from a health perspective including increased rates of infertility, miscarriage, and preterm labor. Given the unique demands of a surgical practice, surgeons may experience pressure to minimize the disruption of their work during and after pregnancy. This may include attempts at carrying a full workload until the day of delivery, reducing the length of planned parental leave, and not requesting accommodations for time to express milk. Concern for discrimination, clinical productivity expectations, and promotion timelines can limit a surgeon's ability to receive pregnancy-related support and adequate parental leave. Though not all surgeons will choose to pursue pregnancy, we must still acknowledge the need to support these individuals. Furthermore, this support should not be limited to the pregnancy alone but include postpartum support including that related to family leave and lactation. Here, we provide an overview of just some of the challenges faced by surgeons in the pursuit of parenthood and present the arguments for accommodations related to pregnancy, parental leave, and lactation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1764288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T18:36:56Z","timestamp":1691001416000},"page":"333-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Importance of Parental Leave and Lactation Support for Surgeons"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Arielle E.","family":"Kanters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah P.","family":"Shubeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"06","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003618","article-title":"Barriers to pursuing a career in surgery: an institutional survey of Harvard Medical School students","volume":"273","author":"A M Giantini Larsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2018.0153","article-title":"Pregnancy and motherhood during surgical training","volume":"153","author":"E L Rangel","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002196","article-title":"Impact of procedural specialty on maternity leave and career satisfaction among female physicians","volume":"266","author":"R E Scully","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2014.07.936","article-title":"Does a surgical career affect a woman's childbearing and fertility? A report on pregnancy and fertility trends among female surgeons","volume":"219","author":"E A Phillips","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.06.051","article-title":"The impact of occupational shift work and working hours during pregnancy on health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"221","author":"C Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2393-14-245","article-title":"Long working hours and pregnancy complications: women physicians survey in Japan","volume":"14","author":"M Takeuchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2009.01119.x","article-title":"Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment - a review","volume":"50","author":"K Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.05.041","article-title":"Birth trends and factors affecting childbearing among thoracic surgeons","volume":"98","author":"D T Pham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005181","article-title":"Safe and supported pregnancy: a call to action for surgery chairs and program directors","volume":"275","author":"M C Bamdad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.0320","article-title":"Barriers to breastfeeding for US physicians who are mothers","volume":"178","author":"N Melnitchouk","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2015.12.004","article-title":"Pregnancy and parenthood among surgery residents: results of the first nationwide survey of general surgery residency program directors","volume":"222","author":"B J Sandler","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003269","article-title":"Got milk? Design and implementation of a lactation support program for surgeons","volume":"270","author":"D Livingston-Rosanoff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2018.09.003","article-title":"Lactation policy and resources for trainees in the department of radiology","volume":"16","author":"J B Robbins","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Radiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2015.02.001","article-title":"The maternal health outcomes of paid maternity leave: a systematic review","volume":"130","author":"Z Aitken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-6296(00)00047-3","article-title":"Parental leave and child health","volume":"19","author":"C J Ruhm","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Health Econ"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2018.01.001","article-title":"Access to paid parental leave for academic surgeons","volume":"233","author":"D S Itum","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2021.08.016","article-title":"Paid parental leave for surgeons in the United States","volume":"223","author":"E M Slama","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2019.07.019","article-title":"Current policies and practicing surgeon perspectives on parental leave","volume":"218","author":"T Gaines","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1177\/138826271401600403","article-title":"Fathers' leave and fathers' involvement: evidence from four OECD countries","volume":"16","author":"M C Huerta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Soc Secur"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.1332","article-title":"Associations between career satisfaction, personal life factors, and work-life integration practices among US surgeons by gender","volume":"155","author":"H M Johnson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-10-40","article-title":"The impact of gender and parenthood on physicians' careers\u2013professional and personal situation seven years after graduation","volume":"10","author":"B Buddeberg-Fischer","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2019.0529","article-title":"Association of domestic responsibilities with career satisfaction for physician mothers in procedural vs nonprocedural fields","volume":"154","author":"H G Lyu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1764288.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]],"date-time":"2023-08-02T18:38:01Z","timestamp":1691001481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1764288"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"05","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1764288","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1531-0043","1530-9681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1531-0043","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-9681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]}}}