{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T23:08:00Z","timestamp":1790982480235,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"01","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004842","name":"Paranaense University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004842","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Homeopathy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Background\u2003Bovine mastitis is characterized by an inflammatory process in the mammary gland and represents one of the main diseases affecting a dairy herd. Management of mastitis is most commonly via antibiotics, but the rising incidence of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) means that additional options are needed. Homeopathic products can be administered in dairy farming for a range of clinical reasons and may be preferential due to the absence of residues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objectives\u2003The aim of this study was to assess the potential of a novel homeopathic complex medicine in managing bovine mastitis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods\u2003Twenty-four lactating Holstein cows with mastitis were divided into two groups: the homeopathic complex group received a homeopathic complex daily for 60 days at a dose of 20\u2009g\/d; the placebo group received the calcium carbonate vehicle without homeopathic medicines at the same dose and repetition. The main outcome measure was somatic cell count (SCC; cells\/mL), with additional outcome measures including milk production (kg\/d), milk constituents (percentage of protein, fat, lactose and total milk solids), and serum levels of cortisol, glucose, ammonia and lactic acid. All outcomes were measured at the beginning of the study and after 30 and 60 days. Milk samples were also collected from all animals at the beginning of the study, confirming a high (&gt;0.2) MAR index for isolated bacterial cultures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results\u2003Assessment of SCC showed a statistically significant difference favoring the homeopathic complex versus placebo group at day 60. A reduction in serum cortisol levels and an increase in fat, lactose and total milk solids in animals treated with the homeopathic complex at day 60 were also seen. Other outcome measures did not show statistically significant inter-group differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion\u2003The results of this non-randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled trial suggest the potential for a novel homeopathic complex medicine in management of multiple antibiotic-resistant bovine mastitis, thus offering dairy farmers an additional option to antibiotics and making dairy products safer for consumer health and milk production more sustainable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]],"date-time":"2023-07-05T19:16:47Z","timestamp":1688584607000},"page":"025-031","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of a Novel Homeopathic Complex Medicine on the Management of Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bovine Mastitis: An Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2417-2101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna de Fatima Antunes","family":"Laginestra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4888-504X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00eds Camaso","family":"de S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2886-0996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jess\u00e9 Lahos","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3519-2113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matheus Basilio","family":"Mar\u00e7al","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0320-6069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Vitor Morais","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6670-5578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selma Alves","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0392-5976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zilda Cristiani","family":"Gazim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4765-6544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranulfo","family":"Piau J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paranaense University\u2014Pra\u00e7a Mascarenhas de Moraes, Umuarama, Paran\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"181","article-title":"Preval\u00eancia e etiologia infecciosa da mastite bovina na microrregi\u00e3o de Cuiab\u00e1-MT","volume":"11","author":"R P Martins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cienc Anim Bras"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o microbiol\u00f3gica do leite cru e pasteurizado comercializado no munic\u00edpio de Benevides-PA","volume":"12","author":"L NC de Lima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientia Plena"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-84782004000400058","article-title":"Infec\u00e7\u00f5es intramam\u00e1rias causadas por Staphylococcus aureus e suas implica\u00e7\u00f5es em sa\u00fade p\u00fablica","volume":"34","author":"H Fagundes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cienc Rural"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.47209\/2317-5729.v.6.n.1.p.15-20","article-title":"Perfil de resist\u00eancia antimicrobiana de mastite bovina em propriedade leiteira no munic\u00edpio de Monte Negro\/RO","volume":"6","author":"M Cades","year":"2017","journal-title":"Revista Brasileira de Ci\u00eancias da Amaz\u00f4nia"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.21727\/rs.v7i1.82","article-title":"Perfil de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana e produ\u00e7\u00e3o de \u201cslime\u201d de isolados de Staphylococcus spp. provenientes de casos de mastite bovina na regi\u00e3o sul-fluminense","volume":"7","author":"C C Costa Noel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Revista de Sa\u00fade"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de multirresist\u00eancia de Staphylococcus aureus de amostras de leite de vacas em assentamentos da regi\u00e3o do Pontal do Paranapanema-SP. 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Research","volume":"9","author":"R C Defiltro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Soc Dev"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de tratamento homeop\u00e1tico na preval\u00eancia da mastite bovina","volume":"14","author":"J B Paim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pubvet"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"51305","article-title":"The efficiency of homeopathy in the quality of bovine milk","volume":"7","author":"C V Stoppe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Development"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"91","article-title":"Avalia\u00e7\u00e3o de tratamento homeop\u00e1tico na mastite bovina subcl\u00ednica","volume":"14","author":"R Mangi\u00e9ri J\u00fanior","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Zootec"},{"key":"ref28","volume-title":"Identifica\u00e7\u00e3o e caracteriza\u00e7\u00e3o de estirpes de Staphylococcus aureus e Streptococcus agalactiae associadas \u00e0s mastites bovinas persistente e n\u00e3o persistente [Doctoral thesis]","author":"M P Silva","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"16","article-title":"Tratamento de mastite subcl\u00ednica por meio de suplementa\u00e7\u00e3o mineral homeop\u00e1tica da dieta de vacas leiteiras em lacta\u00e7\u00e3o","volume":"19","author":"C R Martins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cultura Homeop\u00e1tica"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"147","article-title":"Preliminary study of homeopathic treatment of subclinical mastitis evaluated through somatic cells count and California mastitis test","volume":"7","author":"C D Barzon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J High Dilution Res"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.11606\/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2008.26676","article-title":"Par\u00e2metros hematol\u00f3gicos e n\u00edveis de cortisol plasm\u00e1tico em vacas leiteiras de alta produ\u00e7\u00e3o no Sul do Brasil","volume":"45","author":"R Campos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(94)77153-8","article-title":"Physiology of mastitis and factors affecting somatic cell counts","volume":"77","author":"R J Harmon","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Dairy Sci"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-0785(95)80033-6","article-title":"Control of subclinical bovine mastitis: Utilization of a homoeopathic combination","volume":"84","author":"R Searcy","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br Homeopath J"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.homp.2009.12.001","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial to compare the use of homeopathy and internal Teat Sealers for the prevention of mastitis in organically farmed dairy cows during the dry period and 100 days post-calving","volume":"99","author":"P 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