{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T09:09:01Z","timestamp":1784365741141,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"05","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Professional soccer athletes are exposed to repetitive head impacts and are at risk of developing chronic traumatic encephalopathy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Objective\u2003To evaluate regional brain glucose metabolism (rBGM) and gray matter (GM) volume in retired soccer players (RSPs).<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003Male RSPs and age and sex-matched controls prospectively enrolled between 2017 and 2019 underwent neurological and neuropsychological evaluations, brain MRI and [18F]FDG-PET in a 3.0-Tesla PET\/MRI scanner. Visual analysis was performed by a blinded neuroradiologist and a blinded nuclear physician. Regional brain glucose metabolism and GM volume were assessed using SPM8 software. Groups were compared using appropriate statistical tests available at SPM8 and R.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003Nineteen RSPs (median [IQR]: 62 [50\u201364.5] years old) and 20 controls (60 [48\u201373] years old) were included. Retired soccer players performed worse on mini-mental state examination, digit span, clock drawing, phonemic and semantic verbal fluency tests, and had reduced rBGM in the left temporal pole (pFDR = 0.008) and the anterior left middle temporal gyrus (pFDR\u2009=\u20090.043). Semantic verbal fluency correlated with rBGM in the right hippocampus, left temporal pole, and posterior left middle temporal gyrus (p \u2264 0.042). Gray matter volume reduction was observed in similar anatomic regions but was less extensive and did not survive correction for multiple comparisons (pFDR \u2265 0.085). Individual [18F]FDG-PET visual analysis revealed seven RSPs with overt hypometabolism in the medial and lateral temporal lobes, frontal lobes, and temporoparietal regions. Retired soccer players had a higher prevalence of septum pellucidum abnormalities on MRI.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Retired soccer players had reduced rBGM and GM volume in the temporal lobes and septum pellucidum abnormalities, findings possibly related to repetitive head impacts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1768666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T22:50:38Z","timestamp":1685573438000},"page":"433-443","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Brain glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in retired professional soccer players: a cross-sectional [18F]FDG-PET\/MRI study"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-292X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateus Rozalem","family":"Aranha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Radiologia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Nuclear, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."},{"name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Facultad de Medicina, Barcelona, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5555-4583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artur Martins","family":"Coutinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Nuclear, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6547-398X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Camila de Godoi","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Centro de Medicina Nuclear, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5642-541X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Fraccini","family":"Pastorello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Radiologia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2260-5986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adalberto","family":"Studart-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2979-9330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla Cristina","family":"Guariglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9585-4230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam Harumi","family":"Tsunemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Bioestat\u00edstica, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Botucatu SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0739-7237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Everton Luis Santos","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Radiologia, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8720-6137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica Natuline","family":"Ianof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8414-8536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renato","family":"Anghinah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5721-1525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo","family":"Nitrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, S\u00e3o Paulo SP, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6707-8721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni Guido","family":"Cerri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Faculdade de 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