{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T08:16:34Z","timestamp":1788336994907,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Semin intervent Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Labial varices are commonly seen in women with varicose veins of the pelvis. Initial management is conservative management since labial varies typically resolve, particularly in pregnant patients following delivery. Varices can be seen also in association with pelvic varices in the pelvic venous disease spectrum. Sclerotherapy is often the management. This article reviews the presentation and treatment of patients with labial varices, with a focus on interventional radiologic management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1771040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T22:41:07Z","timestamp":1691707267000},"page":"384-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Interventional Treatment of Labial Varices"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Victoria","family":"Risner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"McColgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yuko McColgan, Brookline, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Treatment for pelvic congestion syndrome causing pelvic and vulvar varices","volume":"25","author":"N Fassiadis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.23736\/S0392-9590.19.04237-8","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome: UIP consensus document","volume":"38","author":"P L Antignani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S126165","article-title":"Vulvar varicosities: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"9","author":"S G Gavrilov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Womens Health"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pgp.0000215304.62771.19","article-title":"Vulvar varices: an uncommon entity in surgical pathology","volume":"26","author":"D Bell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Pathol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","first-page":"202","article-title":"Vulvar varicosities in an adolescent girl with morbid obesity: a case report","volume":"8","author":"A Giannouli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2019.02.008","article-title":"May-Thurner syndrome presenting as pelvic congestion syndrome and vulvar varicosities in a nonpregnant adolescent","volume":"5","author":"T A Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2010.010006","article-title":"The venous system of the pelvis: new nomenclature","volume":"25","author":"D Kachlik","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2004.09.027","article-title":"Revision of the CEAP classification for chronic venous disorders: consensus statement","volume":"40","author":"B Ekl\u00f6f","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2008.09.061","article-title":"Veins along the course of the sciatic nerve","volume":"49","author":"N Labropoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2004.09.009","article-title":"Sciatic nerve varices","volume":"29","author":"S Ricci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2018.1552043","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of micronized purified flavonoid fraction for the treatment of concomitant varicose veins of the pelvis and lower extremities","volume":"35","author":"S G Gavrilov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/DSS.0000000000001008","article-title":"Vulvar varicosities: a review","volume":"43","author":"A S Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1097\/RHU.0b013e3181c427ff","article-title":"Inferior gluteal vein varicosities: a rare cause of sciatica","volume":"15","author":"H N Choudur","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.02.012","article-title":"Endovascular interventions in the treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome caused by May-Thurner syndrome","volume":"8","author":"S G Gavrilov","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s10016-004-0180-9","article-title":"Treatment of lower extremity venous insufficiency due to pelvic leak points in women","volume":"19","author":"C Francheschi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"S 01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2011.012s07","article-title":"How does the patho-physiology influence the treatment of pelvic congestion syndrome and is the result long-lasting?","volume":"27","author":"M Greiner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2337","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12102337","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of pelvic venous disorders in females","volume":"12","author":"C Marcelin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.12.084","article-title":"The Symptoms-Varices-Pathophysiology classification of pelvic venous disorders: a report of the American Vein & Lymphatic Society International Working Group on Pelvic Venous Disorders","volume":"9","author":"M H Meissner","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.12.075","article-title":"The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards","volume":"8","author":"F Lurie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355519840846","article-title":"Incidence and distribution of lower extremity reflux in patients with pelvic venous insufficiency","volume":"35","author":"N Scotti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1729745","article-title":"Clinical presentation, patient assessment, anatomy, pathophysiology, and imaging of pelvic venous disease","volume":"38","author":"S Maratto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355515569129","article-title":"Embolization is essential in the treatment of leg varicosities due to pelvic venous insufficiency","volume":"30","author":"O Hartung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355515569412","article-title":"Embolization is not essential in the treatment of leg varices due to pelvic venous insufficiency","volume":"30","author":"E Rabe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s40064-016-1769-5","article-title":"A modified Tessari method for producing more foam","volume":"5","author":"J Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1727104","article-title":"Choosing the most appropriate treatment option for pelvic venous disease: stenting versus embolization","volume":"38","author":"M E Tanaka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1744214","article-title":"Direct fluoroscopic-guided sclerotherapy for vulvoperineal varices: an experience in 70 patients","volume":"6","author":"K A Abd El Tawab","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arab Journal of Interventional Radiology"}],"container-title":["Seminars in Interventional Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771040.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T22:42:40Z","timestamp":1691707360000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1771040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771040","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0739-9529","1098-8963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0739-9529","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-8963","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]}}}