{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T18:34:33Z","timestamp":1778870073022,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["World J Nucl Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urethral melanomas are a rare subtype of noncutaneous melanomas. The disease has a tendency to have skip lesions and early metastases as compared with cutaneous melanomas. The role of fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) is well established in cases of cutaneous melanomas and is recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) for stage IIB to IV cancer. There are no established guidelines on the management of noncutaneous melanomas; however, a recently published United Kingdom national guideline aims to streamline the management of ano-uro-genital melanomas. The guideline describes a very limited role in the use of 18F-FDG PET-CT in this case scenario. The tendency to skip lesions, early metastases, involvement of brain parenchyma, and finally the usage of anti-PD-1 medications are key areas where 18F-FDG PET-CT has shown superiority over CT scan. With this case report, we aim to highlight the strength of 18F-FDG PET-CT in the management of urethral melanomas, which can be extrapolated to other ano-uro-genital melanomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1771280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]],"date-time":"2023-09-06T22:57:17Z","timestamp":1694041037000},"page":"244-247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Role of 18F-FDG PET-CT in Urethral Malignant Melanoma and Analysis of the UK Guidelines on Ano-uro-genital Melanomas"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8945-1884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhishek","family":"Mahato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Command Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Command Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.G.","family":"Manoj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Command Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncosurgery, Command Hospital, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140324","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20140324","article-title":"Non-cutaneous melanoma: is there a role for (18)F-FDG PET-CT?","volume":"87","author":"G Murphy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.5634","article-title":"Diagnostic performance of whole body dual modality 18F-FDG PET\/CT imaging for N- and M-staging of malignant melanoma: experience with 250 consecutive patients","volume":"24","author":"M J Reinhardt","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1007\/s13244-013-0285-1","article-title":"Clinical impact of (18)F-FDG PET-CT in recurrent stage III\/IV melanoma: a tertiary centre Specialist Skin Cancer Multidisciplinary Team (SSMDT) experience","volume":"4","author":"M Subesinghe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2006.06.017","article-title":"Primary mucosal melanoma","volume":"56","author":"R J Patrick","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70254-7","article-title":"Management of primary melanoma of the female urogenital tract","volume":"9","author":"B Piura","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-006-9086-5","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the urethra: a rare neoplasm of the urinary tract","volume":"39","author":"R Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Urol Nephrol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200006000-00003","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the urethra: a clinicopathologic analysis of 15 cases","volume":"24","author":"E Oliva","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000104671.20863.47","article-title":"Outcome of surgical treatment for primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra","volume":"171","author":"D S DiMarco","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2020.101493","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra: a case report","volume":"34","author":"K Watanabe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2017.08.004","article-title":"Primary malignant urethral melanoma resembling a urethral caruncle","volume":"15","author":"A Safadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urol Case Rep"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1159\/000256663","article-title":"Unexpected long survival in primary malignant melanoma of the male urethra","volume":"1","author":"E Comploj","year":"2009","journal-title":"Case Rep Dermatol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.04.030","article-title":"Ano-uro-genital mucosal melanoma UK national guidelines","volume":"135","author":"H G Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-013-3130-3","article-title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the urethra: a systematic analysis of the current literature","volume":"289","author":"S El-Safadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2020.153095","article-title":"Primary melanoma of the urinary tract; clinicopathologic and molecular review of a case series","volume":"216","author":"A Acikalin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathol Res Pract"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2017.64","article-title":"Melanoma subtypes demonstrate distinct PD-L1 expression profiles","volume":"97","author":"G J Kaunitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.30473","article-title":"Vulvar and vaginal melanoma: a unique subclass of mucosal melanoma based on a comprehensive molecular analysis of 51 cases compared with 2253 cases of nongynecologic melanoma","volume":"123","author":"J Y Hou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.33.9275","article-title":"Phase II, open-label, single-arm trial of imatinib mesylate in patients with metastatic melanoma harboring c-Kit mutation or amplification","volume":"29","author":"J Guo","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1932","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05137-7","article-title":"Interim [18F]FDG PET\/CT can predict response to anti-PD-1 treatment in metastatic melanoma","volume":"48","author":"C Sachpekidis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Nuclear Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771280.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]],"date-time":"2023-10-17T22:34:51Z","timestamp":1697582091000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1771280"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771280","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1450-1147","1607-3312"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1450-1147","type":"print"},{"value":"1607-3312","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}