{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,25]],"date-time":"2025-12-25T13:06:35Z","timestamp":1766667995836,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Angiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Type 2 endoleak has been proved not to significantly increase the risk of aneurysm rupture. However, it is associated with aneurysm enlargement and may require secondary interventions. Its role has been widely investigated, but a definitive consensus about its management has still not been obtained. We performed a retrospective, single-center observational study that investigates the incidence of type 2 endoleak and its implications in the long-term follow-up in all the patients who underwent endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm from 2011 to 2016 at our institution. A total of 216 patients who underwent EVAR during the specified time period were enrolled, and 85 of them (39%) developed type 2 endoleak in their follow-up. Thirty-one of the patients who developed type 2 endoleak faced an aneurysm sac growth\u2009&gt;\u200910\u2009mm and required secondary intervention. Only nine of them showed resolution of the leak. In the long-term follow-up, patients who developed type 2 endoleak after EVAR did not show a significantly increased mortality compared with those who did not, but some of them required late open conversion due to aneurysm sac enlargement and some other developed a secondary type 1 endoleak which required correction. The management of type 2 endoleak remains debated, despite consensus exist regarding the need for intervention when a\u2009&gt;\u200910-mm aneurysm sac growth is observed. Further studies are necessary to better define which are the \u201chigh-risk\u201d type 2 endoleaks and identify the patients who would benefit more from correction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1771344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]],"date-time":"2023-07-25T22:44:14Z","timestamp":1690325054000},"page":"282-287","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence and Long-Term Implications of Type 2 Endoleak after Endovascular Repair of Abdominal Aortic and Aortoiliac Aneurysms"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8731-7374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Monzio-Compagnoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Centro Cardiologia e Cardiochirurgia A. De Gasperis, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-4315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianmarco","family":"Zuccon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Vascular Surgery Residency Program, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiane","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Gaetano","family":"Rampoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interventional Radiology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerio Stefano","family":"Tolva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Centro Cardiologia e Cardiochirurgia A. De Gasperis, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2021.03.034","article-title":"Editor's Choice - variation in intact abdominal aortic aneurysm repair outcomes by country: analysis of International Consortium of Vascular Registries 2010 - 2016","volume":"62","author":"J R Boyle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042002","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing conventional and endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms","volume":"351","author":"M Prinssen","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2126","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1715955","article-title":"Open versus endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm","volume":"380","author":"F A Lederle","year":"2019","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2019.04.486","article-title":"Incidence, natural course, and outcome of type II endoleaks in infrarenal endovascular aneurysm repair based on the ENGAGE registry data","volume":"71","author":"M L Dijkstra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.09.020","article-title":"Editor's Choice - European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2019 clinical practice guidelines on the management of abdominal aorto-iliac artery aneurysms","volume":"57","author":"A Wanhainen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivu335","article-title":"Is intervention better than surveillance in patients with type 2 endoleak post-endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair?","volume":"20","author":"S Hajibandeh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.118823","article-title":"Significance of endoleaks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms: the EUROSTAR experience","volume":"35","author":"C van Marrewijk","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2003.10.016","article-title":"Is a type II endoleak after EVAR a harbinger of risk? Causes and outcome of open conversion and aneurysm rupture during follow-up","volume":"27","author":"C J van Marrewijk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.12.009","article-title":"Selective intra-procedural AAA sac embolization during EVAR reduces the rate of type II endoleak","volume":"51","author":"C Mascoli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.02.030","article-title":"Type II endoleak prevention with coil embolization during endovascular aneurysm repair in high-risk patients","volume":"62","author":"D Fabre","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2016.05.106","article-title":"Preoperative inferior mesenteric artery embolization: a valid method to reduce the rate of type II endoleak after EVAR?","volume":"39","author":"J M Manunga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2015.06.116","article-title":"Is inferior mesenteric artery embolization indicated prior to endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm?","volume":"50","author":"F Biancari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2016.09.024","article-title":"One-year pivotal trial outcomes of the Nellix system for endovascular aneurysm sealing","volume":"65","author":"J P Carpenter","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.11.004","article-title":"Progressive device failure at long term follow up of the Nellix EndoVascular Aneurysm Sealing (EVAS) system","volume":"61","author":"A A Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2015.10.088","article-title":"Risk factors and consequences of persistent type II endoleaks","volume":"63","author":"R C Lo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2004.02.041","article-title":"Intra-aneurysm sac pressure measurements after endovascular aneurysm repair: differences between shrinking, unchanged, and expanding aneurysms with and without endoleaks","volume":"39","author":"N V Dias","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.06.009","article-title":"Editor's Choice - systematic review and meta-analysis of the outcome of treatment for type II endoleak following endovascular aneurysm repair","volume":"56","author":"K HJ Ultee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Angiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771344.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,5]],"date-time":"2024-11-05T11:50:57Z","timestamp":1730807457000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1771344"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1771344","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1061-1711","1615-5939"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1061-1711"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1615-5939"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,25]]}}}