{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:27:52Z","timestamp":1789730872220,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Indian J Plast Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background: Facial dog bite injuries result in significant emotional, psychological, and physical trauma to the victims involved and should be considered a significant health issue. The purpose of this study is to share our experience in the management and to add to the existing medical literature regarding the epidemiological patterns of facial dog bite injuries.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Materials and Methods: This is a single-center retrospective observational study conducted at Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, from January 2021 to January 2022. A total of 105 patients were included. The wounds were managed according to the recommendations made by the national rabies control program and surgical intervention was performed in the form of primary suturing or flap cover.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results: Children of age group 0 to 10 years are most commonly affected. Pet dogs are the cause in 61% of cases and 57.1% of bites were provoked. Midface is most commonly affected and modified Lackmann's class 3A and 3B are the most common wounds.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion: In view of raising incidence of dog bites with pet dogs, the general public needs to be educated regarding the practices to prevent these injuries. Postexposure prophylaxis should be given to all affected individuals irrespective of the vaccination status of the dog. Immediate surgical intervention gives better results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1771516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T23:03:46Z","timestamp":1691190226000},"page":"367-372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A Retrospective Observational Study of Facial Dog Bite Injuries and Its Management in a Tertiary Care Center"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6961-106X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vulchi","family":"Sreeramaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3316-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vaddi Suman","family":"Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukesh Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoj Kumar","family":"Jha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameek","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, ABVIMS and Dr. RML Hospital, Baba Kharak Singh Marg, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"24","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3265","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1984.03340480047026","article-title":"The incidence of facial injuries from dog bites","volume":"251","author":"T A Karlson","year":"1984","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10031-1007","article-title":"Facial dog bite injury","volume":"2","author":"S Natarajan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2018.09.014","article-title":"Modification of Lackmann's classification of facial bite wounds: an aid to assessment and recording","volume":"56","author":"J V Williams","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac 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Muradnagar","volume":"3","author":"P Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1660441","article-title":"Dog bite injuries in the head and neck region: a 20-year review","volume":"12","author":"F Piccart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10005-1410","article-title":"Animal bite injuries in children: review of literature and case series","volume":"10","author":"A Agrawal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2015.01.001","article-title":"Epidemiology and classification of dog bite injuries to the face: a prospective study of 108 patients","volume":"68","author":"G Tour\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr 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