{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:28:04Z","timestamp":1790832484794,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a protein expressed in the central and peripherical nervous systems of the vertebrate. The Ngb has different functions in neurons, including regulating O2 homeostasis, oxidative stress, and as a neuroprotector after ischemia\/hypoxia events. The Ngb is a hemoprotein of the globin family, structurally like myoglobin and hemoglobin. Ngb has higher expression in the cortex, hypothalamus, thalamus, brainstem, and cerebellum in mammals. Interestingly, Ngb immunoreactivity oscillates according to the sleep-wake cycle and decreases after 24\u2009hours of sleep deprivation, suggesting that sleep homeostasis regulates Ngb expression. In addition, Ngb expresses in brain areas related to REM sleep regulation. Therefore, in the present review, we discuss the potential role of the Ngb in the sleep-wake regulation of mammals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1772806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T22:45:04Z","timestamp":1694472304000},"page":"e362-e367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Role of Neuroglobin in the Sleep-Wake Cycle"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fabio","family":"Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biomedicina, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario Eduardo","family":"Acosta-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biomedicina, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4765-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Beltr\u00e1n-Parrazal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones Cerebrales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Alba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Biomedicina, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2018.03.013","article-title":"The up and down of sleep: From molecules to electrophysiology","volume":"160","author":"I Navarro-Lobato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"issue":"6803","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1038\/35035093","article-title":"A vertebrate globin expressed in the brain","volume":"407","author":"T Burmester","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.4103\/2045-9912.191361","article-title":"Brain globins in physiology and pathology","volume":"6","author":"L K Xie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med Gas Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msh258","article-title":"A globin gene of ancient evolutionary origin in lower vertebrates: evidence for two distinct globin families in animals","volume":"22","author":"A Roesner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2014-0011","article-title":"Neuroglobin - recent developments","volume":"5","author":"X Y Qiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomol Concepts"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2016.10.004","article-title":"Neuroglobin: From structure to function in health and disease","volume":"52","author":"P Ascenzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref7","first-page":"110","article-title":"Neuroglobin: a respiratory protein of the nervous system","volume":"19","author":"T Burmester","year":"2004","journal-title":"News Physiol Sci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micron.2003.10.013","article-title":"The human brain hexacoordinated neuroglobin three-dimensional structure","volume":"35","author":"A Pesce","year":"2004","journal-title":"Micron"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1134\/S0022093017040019","article-title":"Neuroglobin, an oxygen-binding protein in the mammalian nervous system (localization and putative functions)","volume":"53","author":"O S Alekseeva","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Evol Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(03)00563-9","article-title":"Localization of neuroglobin protein in the mouse brain","volume":"346","author":"S Wystub","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20147","article-title":"Presence of neuroglobin in cultured astrocytes","volume":"50","author":"X Q Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Glia"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2013.04.014","article-title":"Neuroglobin involvement in visual pathways through the optic nerve","volume":"1834","author":"C Lechauve","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2192","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6643rev","article-title":"A globin for the brain","volume":"20","author":"M Brunori","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref14","first-page":"1932","article-title":"How does the eye breathe? Evidence for neuroglobin-mediated oxygen supply in the mammalian retina","volume":"278","author":"M Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2017.04.008","article-title":"Neuroglobin Can Prevent or Reverse Glaucomatous Progression in DBA\/2J Mice","volume":"5","author":"H Cwerman-Thibault","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-015-0931-y","article-title":"Retinal oxygen distribution and the role of neuroglobin","volume":"73","author":"P A Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Math Biol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.03.005","article-title":"Neuroglobin, cytoglobin, and transcriptional profiling of hypoxia-related genes in the rat cerebellum after prenatal chronic very mild carbon monoxide exposure (25\u2009ppm)","volume":"1330","author":"L Beltran-Parrazal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref18","first-page":"393","article-title":"Expression of neuroglobin in ocular hypertension induced acute hypoxic-ischemic retinal injury in rats","volume":"4","author":"S-Y Shi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"26","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15306","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.251466698","article-title":"Neuroglobin is up-regulated by and protects neurons from hypoxic-ischemic injury","volume":"98","author":"Y Sun","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18799","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-55315-3","article-title":"Effects of Exogenous Neuroglobin (Ngb) on retinal inflammatory chemokines and microglia in a rat model of transient hypoxia","volume":"9","author":"S BB Tun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19072133","article-title":"Neuroglobin Regulates Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin and NF\u03baB Signaling Pathway through Dvl1","volume":"19","author":"Y Xun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2008.07.003","article-title":"The binding of cytochrome c to neuroglobin: a docking and surface plasmon resonance study","volume":"43","author":"S H B\u00f8nding","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4884","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2006.08.003","article-title":"The reaction of neuroglobin with potential redox protein partners cytochrome b5 and cytochrome c","volume":"580","author":"A Fago","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.300981","article-title":"Neuroglobin and neuroprotection: the role of natural and synthetic compounds in neuroglobin pharmacological induction","volume":"16","author":"L Ciccone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000322998","article-title":"Pharmacological induction of neuroglobin expression","volume":"87","author":"K Jin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1159\/000323906","article-title":"17\u03b2-estradiol\u2013a new modulator of neuroglobin levels in neurons: role in neuroprotection against H2O2-induced toxicity","volume":"18","author":"E De Marinis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurosignals"},{"issue":"08","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10081907","article-title":"Role of Neuroglobin in the Neuroprotective Actions of Estradiol and Estrogenic Compounds","volume":"10","author":"G E Barreto","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3366","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123366","article-title":"Structural and (Pseudo-)Enzymatic Properties of Neuroglobin: Its Possible Role in Neuroprotection","volume":"10","author":"G De Simone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1159\/000129698","article-title":"Neuroglobin in the rat brain: localization","volume":"88","author":"C A Hundahl","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(00)00257-6","article-title":"Discharge patterns of neurons in cholinergic regions of the basal forebrain during waking and sleep","volume":"115","author":"R Szymusiak","year":"2000","journal-title":"Behav Brain Res"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e32835d4b74","article-title":"Sleep deprivation reduces neuroglobin immunoreactivity in the rat brain","volume":"24","author":"M Melgarejo-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.13876","article-title":"Neuroglobin protects astroglial cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death","volume":"140","author":"F Amri","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8353854","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8353854","article-title":"Sleep Recovery Restored Neuroglobin Immunoreactivity in Rat LDTg-PPTg Nuclei","volume":"2020","author":"M Melgarejo-Guti\u00e9rrez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Disord"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(89)90130-3","article-title":"Effects of repeated sleep deprivation in the dark- or light-period on sleep in rats","volume":"45","author":"M Lancel","year":"1989","journal-title":"Physiol Behav"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"R198","article-title":"Sleep deprivation in rats: effects on EEG power spectra, vigilance states, and cortical temperature","volume":"261","author":"P Franken","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9996","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-23-09996.1998","article-title":"Neurons containing hypocretin (orexin) project to multiple neuronal systems","volume":"18","author":"C Peyron","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200208070-00007","article-title":"Sleep deprivation decreases superoxide dismutase activity in rat hippocampus and brainstem","volume":"13","author":"L Ramanathan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2012.01.018","article-title":"Effect of chronic sleep restriction and aging on calcium signaling and apoptosis in the hippocampus of young and aged animals","volume":"39","author":"L de Souza","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150774","article-title":"Chronic Sleep Deprivation Exacerbates Learning-Memory Disability and Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies in A\u03b2PP(swe)\/PS1(\u0394E9) Mice","volume":"50","author":"H Qiu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2013.01.015","article-title":"Neuroglobin and neuronal cell survival","volume":"1834","author":"M Fiocchetti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-012-0723-1","article-title":"Levels of neuroglobin in serum and neurocognitive impairments in Chinese patients with obstructive sleep apnea","volume":"17","author":"M Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02317-4","article-title":"Effects on sleep and wakefulness of the injection of hypocretin-1 (orexin-A) into the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus of the cat","volume":"901","author":"M-C Xi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"22","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2005.04981.x","article-title":"The hypocretins and sleep","volume":"272","author":"L de Lecea","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEBS J"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1423136112","article-title":"Optogenetic activation of cholinergic neurons in the PPT or LDT induces REM sleep","volume":"112","author":"C J Van Dort","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.01.080","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and neuroglobin expression","volume":"514","author":"B Haines","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.01.064","article-title":"Increased neuroglobin levels in the cerebral cortex and serum after ischemia-reperfusion insults","volume":"1078","author":"A Shang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2011.07275.x","article-title":"Neuroglobin attenuates Alzheimer-like tau hyperphosphorylation by activating Akt signaling","volume":"120","author":"L-M Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-130323","article-title":"Neuroglobin protein is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"36","author":"F Sun","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2008.10.003","article-title":"Neuroglobin and Alzheimer's dementia: genetic association and gene expression changes","volume":"31","author":"M Szymanski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22290","article-title":"Neuroglobin expression in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus: colocalization, innervation, and response to light","volume":"518","author":"C A Hundahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34462","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0034462","article-title":"Circadian behaviour in neuroglobin deficient mice","volume":"7","author":"C A Hundahl","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1640","DOI":"10.1107\/S1399004714007032","article-title":"Engineering the internal cavity of neuroglobin demonstrates the role of the haem-sliding mechanism","volume":"70","author":"G Avella","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr"}],"container-title":["Sleep Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1772806.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T15:50:24Z","timestamp":1703173824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1772806"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"03","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1772806","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1984-0659","1984-0063"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1984-0659","type":"print"},{"value":"1984-0063","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]}}}