{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T14:19:58Z","timestamp":1774966798471,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arq Neuropsiquiatr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Frontal ataxia, originally described by Bruns, is characterized by the presence of signs of frontal lobe dysfunction, such as perseveration, paratonia, frontal release signs, cognitive changes, and urinary difficulty, associated with imbalance, slow gait, broad-based, the presence of postural instability and falls, retropulsion, and bradykinesia in the lower limbs. The goal of the present study is to recall the historical aspects of this condition, to draw attention to the importance of this clinical finding for the differential diagnosis of ataxias and to review the main semiological differences between primary ataxias (frontal, cerebellar, and sensory ataxia).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1775886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T23:37:35Z","timestamp":1698622655000},"page":"934-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Frontal ataxia: historical aspects and clinical definition"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3397-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia \u00c1urea Andreucci Martins","family":"Bonilha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia, Unidade de Dist\u00farbios do Movimento, Curitiba PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1655-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Cassarotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia, Unidade de Dist\u00farbios do Movimento, Curitiba PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6789-0816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thabata Emanuelle Martins","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia, Unidade de Dist\u00farbios do Movimento, Curitiba PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2305-1073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lio Afonso Ghizoni","family":"Teive","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servi\u00e7o de Neurologia, Unidade de Dist\u00farbios do Movimento, Curitiba PR, Brazil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2014.09.004","article-title":"Ataxia","volume":"33","author":"U Akbar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Clin"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"309","volume-title":"The ataxias","author":"R Garcin","year":"1969"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"279","volume-title":"Inherited and sporadic ataxias","author":"H AG Teive","year":"2012"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000227","article-title":"Primary and secondary ataxias","volume":"28","author":"H AG Teive","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"1312","article-title":"Cerebellar and afferent ataxias","volume":"19","author":"M Pandolfo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2013-000764","article-title":"Clinical assessment of the sensory ataxias; 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