{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T19:09:19Z","timestamp":1740164959113,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"04","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]],"date-time":"2023-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698969600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":33,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Avicenna J Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n          Background\u2003Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of hospitalizations among adults, accounting for high rates of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Myocarditis is a less common etiology of HF, and its outcomes are less well understood.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Methods\u2003We used the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2019, extracting adult patients with a primary diagnosis of HF who were admitted between January and November of each year studied. We excluded patients with missing data on event time or length of stay. Inpatient outcomes were compared between cases of HF without myocarditis and myocarditis-associated HF (MAHF). Survey procedures were applied. Propensity scores as covariates were used in survey-weighted models to estimate the population average treatment effect on the treated using SAS 9.4.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Results\u2003We included 4,454,272 HF-related weighted admissions for which 4,605 patients (0.1%) had a concurrent diagnosis of myocarditis. Overall, patients with MAHF, compared with HF without myocarditis, were younger (mean age: 53 years vs. 72 years, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) with fewer women (45 vs. 48%), respectively. Patients with MAHF had more inpatient complications including cardiac arrest, cardiogenic shock, and use of mechanical circulatory support (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) despite having fewer comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, and renal disease. Patients with MAHF had longer mean lengths of stay (9.2 vs. 5.5 days, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In-hospital mortality during index admission was significantly higher in MAHF at 3.9% compared with 2.8% for HF without myocarditis (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Myocarditis was a key predictor of inpatient mortality adjusting for risk factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\n          Conclusion\u2003Myocarditis-related HF is associated with increased inpatient mortality, resource utilization, and prolonged hospitalization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1776141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]],"date-time":"2023-11-04T01:18:06Z","timestamp":1699060686000},"page":"237-246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inpatient Outcomes for Myocarditis-Related Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1055","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7981-2682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Alabbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Morad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2103-8975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Alhoda","family":"Mohammad Alahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"03","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2013.03.004","article-title":"Fulminant myocarditis","volume":"29","author":"F Ginsberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Clin"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2019.107190","article-title":"Clinicopathological manifestations of myocarditis in a heart failure population","volume":"45","author":"L M Buja","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Pathol"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0800028","article-title":"Myocarditis","volume":"360","author":"L T Cooper Jr","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.310221","article-title":"Inflammatory cardiomyopathic syndromes","volume":"121","author":"B H Trachtenberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"04","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2009.11.006","article-title":"Myocarditis","volume":"52","author":"L A Blauwet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.007","article-title":"Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in myocarditis: a JACC white paper","volume":"53","author":"M G Friedrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-012-9355-6","article-title":"Classification and histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular diagnosis of inflammatory myocardial disease","volume":"18","author":"C Basso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"issue":"06","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000745","article-title":"Recognition and initial management of fulminant myocarditis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"141","author":"R D Kociol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.20618","article-title":"Heart failure and mortality of adult survivors from acute myocarditis requiring intensive care treatment-a nationwide cohort study","volume":"14","author":"J-J Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"A12520","article-title":"Thirty-day readmission rates and causes among patients admitted with acute myocarditis: insights from the nationwide readmissions database","volume":"144","author":"A Goyal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1080\/14017431.2021.1900596","article-title":"Long-term prognosis following hospitalization for acute myocarditis - a matched nationwide cohort study","volume":"55","author":"M Ghanizada","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scand Cardiovasc J"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001806","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2021-001806","article-title":"Mortality and ventricular arrhythmia after acute myocarditis: a nationwide registry-based follow-up study","volume":"8","author":"K H Kragholm","year":"2021","journal-title":"Open Heart"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.3371","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of acute myocarditis: a review","volume":"329","author":"E Ammirati","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"05","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(97)00317-3","article-title":"Cardiac troponin T in patients with clinically suspected myocarditis","volume":"30","author":"B Lauer","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198301063080103","article-title":"Diagnosis and classification of myocarditis by endomyocardial biopsy","volume":"308","author":"J J Fenoglio Jr","year":"1983","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.186093","article-title":"The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the management of cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"116","author":"L T Cooper","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.10.021","article-title":"In-hospital arrhythmia development and outcomes in pediatric patients with acute myocarditis","volume":"113","author":"C Y Miyake","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"issue":"07","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-011-0007-8","article-title":"Short-term outcomes of acute fulminant myocarditis in children","volume":"32","author":"J Sankar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Cardiol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2005.078402","article-title":"Outcome of acute fulminant myocarditis in children","volume":"92","author":"N Amabile","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart"},{"volume-title":"Applying propensity score methods to complex survey data using PROC PSMATCH","year":"2020","author":"P Karabon","key":"ref25"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.09.074","article-title":"Update on myocarditis","volume":"59","author":"I Kindermann","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"09","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1161\/hc3401.095198","article-title":"Advances in the understanding of myocarditis","volume":"104","author":"P P Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"03","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.04.063","article-title":"Fulminant versus acute nonfulminant myocarditis in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction","volume":"74","author":"E Ammirati","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2636","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht210","article-title":"Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases","volume":"34","author":"A L Caforio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["Avicenna Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/products\/ejournals\/pdf\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776141.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:02:07Z","timestamp":1703203327000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.thieme-connect.de\/DOI\/DOI?10.1055\/s-0043-1776141"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"04","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0043-1776141","archive":["Portico","CLOCKSS"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2231-0770","2249-4464"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2231-0770"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2249-4464"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}}}